S 1626 · 119th Congress · Emergency Management

National Landslide Preparedness Act Reauthorization Act of 2025

Introduced May 06, 2025 Latest action January 07, 2026 1 cosponsor

Sponsor

Latest action

Held at the desk.

Action timeline

Every recorded action on this bill, newest first. Stage badges color-code the legislative path.

Jan 07, 2026

floor Message on Senate action sent to the House.

Jan 07, 2026

floor Received in the House.

Jan 07, 2026

floor Held at the desk.

Jan 05, 2026

floor Measure laid before Senate by unanimous consent. (consideration: CR S10-16)

Jan 05, 2026

passed The committee amendment as amended agreed to by Unanimous Consent. (text of amendment in the nature of a substitute: CR S13-16)

Text versions

Each stage of the bill — official text published by GPO. Click any format to read on congress.gov / govinfo.

Jan 05, 2026 Engrossed in Senate

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Nov 03, 2025 Reported to Senate

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May 06, 2025 Introduced in Senate

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Changelog

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How a bill moves through Congress. Each stage produces a new official text. The diff between them shows what changed at that step.

`ih` / `is` — Introduced in House / Senate. First filed version.

`rfh` / `rfs` — Referred to a committee for review.

`rh` / `rs` — Reported back by the committee to the floor (often with amendments — this is where most language changes happen).

`pcs` / `pch` — Placed on Calendar for floor consideration.

`eh` / `es` — Engrossed. Passed by the originating chamber. Text is now what was actually voted on.

`rdh` / `rds` — Received by the other chamber.

`eah` / `eas` — Engrossed Amendment. The other chamber passed an amended version.

`ath` / `ats` — Agreed to. Both chambers settled on the same text.

`enr` — Enrolled. Final reconciled text, sent to the President.

`pl` — Public Law. Signed by the President. It's now law.

`pp` — Public Print. Official printing post-enactment.

Most bills die before `eh`/`es`. Going from `pcs` → `enr` is the full path through both chambers.

Line-level diff between text versions of this bill — what actually changed at each legislative stage.

+26 −379 37 unchanged

--- Reported (Senate)

+++ Engrossed (Senate)

@@ -1,36 +1,15 @@

[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]

-[S. 1626 Reported in Senate (RS)]

+[S. 1626 Engrossed in Senate (ES)]

<DOC>

-Calendar No. 249

119th CONGRESS

-1st Session

+2d Session

S. 1626

-[Report No. 119-92]

-To reauthorize the National Landslide Preparedness Act, and for other

-purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

-IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

-May 6, 2025

-Ms. Murkowski (for herself and Ms. Cantwell) introduced the following

-bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce,

-Science, and Transportation

-November 3, 2025

-Reported by Mr. Cruz, with an amendment

-[Omit the part struck through and insert the part printed in italic]

-_______________________________________________________________________

-A BILL

+AN ACT

To reauthorize the National Landslide Preparedness Act, and for other

purposes.

@@ -77,349 +56,6 @@

by inserting ``, such as precipitation resulting from hurricanes,

atmospheric river flooding events, and extreme precipitation events''

before the period at the end.

-<DELETED>SEC. 3. REAUTHORIZATION OF NATIONAL LANDSLIDE PREPAREDNESS

-ACT.</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (a) Definitions.--Section 2 of the National Landslide

-Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3101) is amended--</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (1) by redesignating paragraphs (4) through (11)

-as paragraphs (7), (8), (10), (11), (13), (14), (15), and (16),

-respectively;</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (2) by inserting after paragraph (3) the

-following:</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(4) Atmospheric river.--The term `atmospheric

-river' has the meaning given the term in section 12(a) of the

-Flood Level Observation, Operations, and Decision Support Act

-(15 U.S.C. 9707(a)).</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(5) Atmospheric river flooding event.--The term

-`atmospheric river flooding event' has the meaning given the

-term in section 12(a) of the Flood Level Observation,

-Operations, and Decision Support Act (15 U.S.C.

-9707(a)).</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(6) Extreme precipitation event.--The term

-`extreme precipitation event' has the meaning given the term in

-section 12(a) of the Flood Level Observation, Operations, and

-Decision Support Act (15 U.S.C. 9707(a)).'';</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (3) by inserting after paragraph (8), as so

-redesignated, the following:</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(9) Institution of higher education.--The term

-`institution of higher education' has the meaning given the

-term in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20

-U.S.C. 1001(a)).'';</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (4) by inserting after paragraph (11), as so

-redesignated, the following:</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(12) Native hawaiian organization.--The term

-`Native Hawaiian organization' has the meaning given the term

-in section 6207 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act

-of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7517), except that the term includes the

-Department of Hawaiian Home Lands and the Office of Hawaiian

-Affairs.''; and</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (5) by adding at the end the following:</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(17) Tribal organization.--The term `Tribal

-organization' has the meaning given the term in section 4 of

-the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25

-U.S.C. 5304).''.</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (b) National Landslide Hazards Reduction Program.--

-</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (1) Establishment.--Section 3(a)(3) of the

-National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102(a)(3)) is

-amended by striking ``protect'' and inserting ``contribute to

-protecting''.</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (2) Program activities.--Section 3(b)(1)(C)(ii) of

-the National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C.

-3102(b)(1)(C)(ii)) is amended by striking ``implement'' and

-inserting ``disseminate''.</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (3) National strategy.--Section 3(b)(2) of the

-National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102(b)(2)) is

-amended--</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (A) by redesignating subparagraphs (A)

-through (C) as clauses (i) through (iii), respectively,

-and indenting appropriately;</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (B) in the matter preceding clause (i) (as

-so redesignated), by striking ``Not later than'' and

-inserting the following:</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(A) In general.--Not later than'';

-and</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (C) by adding at the end the

-following:</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(B) Assessment.--For purposes of the

-first national strategy published after the date of

-enactment of the National Landslide Preparedness Act

-Reauthorization Act of 2025 under subparagraph (A), the

-Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of

-Commerce, shall include an assessment of the risks that

-atmospheric river flooding events and extreme

-precipitation events pose to the safety of life and

-property in the United States with respect to landslide

-hazards.''.</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (4) National landslide hazards database.--Section

-3(b)(3) of the National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C.

-3102(b)(3)) is amended--</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (A) by redesignating subparagraphs (C) and

-(D) as subparagraphs (D) and (E), respectively;

-and</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (B) by inserting after subparagraph (B)

-the following:</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(C) the identification of areas in need

-of additional hazard risk assessment, including areas

-that may be at risk due to--</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(i) hydrology or changes in

-hydrology that may include erosion, drought, or

-other characteristics that could impact

-landslide risk;</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(ii) atmospheric river flooding

-events and extreme precipitation events, as

-identified by the Secretary of Commerce and the

-Secretary;</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(iii) geologic activity, such as

-volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, or tsunamis;

-or</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(iv) data-poor areas or hazards

-with poor monitoring that could contribute to

-increased landslide risk;''.</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (5) Landslide hazard and risk preparedness for

-communities.--Section 3(b)(4) of the National Landslide

-Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102(b)(4)) is amended--</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph

-(A), by inserting ``Native Hawaiian organizations and

-other stakeholders, as appropriate,'' before ``and

-Indian tribes'';</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (B) in subparagraph (A)--</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (i) in the matter preceding clause

-(i), by striking ``local, and Tribal

-governments and decisionmakers'' and inserting

-``and local governments, Indian tribes, Tribal

-organizations, Native Hawaiian organizations,

-and other decisionmakers'';</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (ii) by striking clause (iii) and

-inserting the following:</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(iii) health and safety with

-respect to landslides;'';</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (iii) by redesignating clause (iv)

-as clause (v); and</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (iv) by inserting after clause

-(iii) the following:</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(iv) reducing losses from

-landslides, including the threats caused by

-atmospheric rivers and other extreme

-precipitation events; and''; and</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (C) in subparagraph (B)--</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (i) in clause (i), by striking

-``local, and Tribal officials'' and inserting

-``and local officials, Indian tribes, Tribal

-organizations, and Native Hawaiian

-organizations''; and</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (ii) in clause (ii), by striking

-``local, and Tribal emergency managers'' and

-inserting ``and local emergency managers and

-emergency managers of Indian tribes, Tribal

-organizations, and Native Hawaiian

-organizations''.</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (6) Debris flow early warning system.--Section

-3(b)(5) of the National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C.

-3102(b)(5)) is amended--</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (A) in subparagraph (B), by striking

-``State, territorial, local, and Tribal governments''

-and inserting ``State, territorial, and local

-governments, Indian tribes, Tribal organizations, and

-Native Hawaiian organizations'';</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (B) by redesignating subparagraphs (A)

-through (C) as clauses (i) through (iii), respectively,

-and indenting appropriately;</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (C) in the matter preceding clause (i) (as

-so redesignated), by striking ``In carrying out'' and

-inserting the following:</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(A) In general.--In carrying out'';

-and</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (D) by adding at the end the

-following:</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(B) Consultation.--In carrying out

-subparagraph (A), the Secretary may consult with an

-institution of higher education described in subsection

-(d)(2)(B)(iv) and other stakeholders to establish and

-support emergency response procedures, as

-appropriate.''.</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (7) Emergency response activities.--Section

-3(b)(6) of the National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C.

-3102(b)(6)) is amended--</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (A) by redesignating subparagraphs (A)

-through (C) as clauses (i) through (iii), respectively,

-and indenting appropriately;</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (B) in the matter preceding clause (i) (as

-so redesignated), by striking ``In carrying'' and

-inserting the following:</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(A) In general.--In

-carrying'';</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (C) in subparagraph (A) (as so

-designated)--</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (i) in the matter preceding clause

-(i) (as so redesignated), by inserting ``Native

-Hawaiian organizations,'' before ``and Indian

-tribes'';</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (ii) in clause (ii) (as so

-redesignated), by striking ``and'' at the

-end;</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (iii) in clause (iii) (as so

-redesignated), by striking the period at the

-end and inserting ``; and''; and</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (iv) by adding at the end the

-following:</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(iv) to improve real-time risk

-management during landslide events, including

-with respect to landslide events caused by--

-</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(I) hydrology or changes

-in hydrology that may include erosion,

-drought, or other characteristics that

-could impact landslide risk;</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(II) atmospheric river

-flooding events and extreme

-precipitation events, as identified by

-the Secretary of Commerce and the

-Secretary;</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(III) geologic activity,

-such as volcanic eruptions,

-earthquakes, or tsunamis;</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(IV) data-poor areas or

-hazards with poor monitoring that could

-contribute to increased landslide risk;

-or</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(V) thawing permafrost

-and glacial retreat causing

-destabilization of slopes.'';

-and</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (D) by adding at the end the

-following:</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(B) Consultation.--In carrying out

-subparagraph (A), the Secretary may consult with an

-institution of higher education described in subsection

-(d)(2)(B)(iv) and the private sector.''.</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (8) Interagency coordinating committee on

-landslide hazards.--Section 3(c)(2) of the National Landslide

-Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102(c)(2)) is amended by adding at

-the end the following:</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(J) The Administrator of the National

-Aeronautics and Space Administration.''.</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (9) Advisory committee.--Section 3(d)(2)(B) of the

-National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102(d)(2)(B))

-is amended--</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (A) in clause (iii), by striking

-``geological''; and</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (B) in clause (vi), by striking ``local,

-and Tribal emergency management agencies'' and

-inserting ``and local emergency management agencies and

-emergency management agencies of Indian tribes and

-Native Hawaiian organizations''.</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (10) Regional partnerships.--Section 3 of the

-National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102) is

-amended--</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (A) by redesignating subsections (e)

-through (i) as subsections (f) through (j),

-respectively; and</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (B) by inserting after subsection (d) the

-following:</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(e) Regional Partnerships.--</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(1) In general.--As soon as practicable after

-the date of enactment of the National Landslide Preparedness

-Act Reauthorization Act of 2025, the Secretary shall establish

-in the State of Alaska and other regions, as the Secretary

-determines to be appropriate, a regional partnership with an

-eligible partner described in paragraph (2).</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(2) Eligible partners.--An organization or

-institution of higher education with expertise in landslide

-mapping, research, and monitoring shall be eligible for a

-regional partnership under paragraph (1).</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(3) Purposes and duties.--A regional partnership

-established under paragraph (1) shall--</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(A) allow the Secretary to leverage

-applicable expertise in regional

-organizations;</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(B) coordinate long-term landslide

-research specific to the applicable region;

-and</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(C) align interagency landslide

-monitoring efforts.''.</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (11) Grant programs.--Section 3 of the National

-Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102) is amended, in

-paragraph (1) of subsection (f) (as so redesignated)--

-</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (A) in subparagraph (A)(i), by striking

-``local, and Tribal governments to research, map,

-assess'' and inserting ``and local governments, Indian

-tribes, Tribal organizations, and Native Hawaiian

-organizations to research, map, assess,

-monitor'';</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (B) in subparagraph (B)--</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (i) in clause (i), by inserting

-``institutions of higher education described in

-subsection (d)(2)(B)(iv),'' before ``and Indian

-tribes''; and</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (ii) in clause (ii)--</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (I) by redesignating

-subclauses (II) through (IV) as

-subclauses (III) through (V),

-respectively; and</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (II) by inserting after

-subclause (I) the following:</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(II) in regions that

-have recently experienced loss of life

-due to landslides;''; and</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (C) in subparagraph (C)--</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (i) in clause (i), by inserting

-``awarded'' after ``grants''; and</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (ii) in clause (ii), by striking

-``made'' and inserting ``or other

-accomplishments resulting''.</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (12) Significant events.--Section 3 of the

-National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102) is

-amended, in subsection (h)(3) (as so redesignated), by striking

-``local, and Tribal partners'' and inserting ``and local

-partners, Indian tribes, Tribal organizations, and Native

-Hawaiian organizations''.</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (13) Funding.--Section 3 of the National Landslide

-Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102) is amended, in subsection (i)

-(as so redesignated)--</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1),

-by striking ``2024'' and inserting ``2030'';

-and</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (B) in paragraph (1), by striking ``there

-is authorized to be appropriated to the United States

-Geological Survey, $25,000,000 to carry out this

-section'' and inserting ``from amounts appropriated or

-otherwise made available to the United States

-Geological Survey, $35,000,000 shall be used to carry

-out this section, of which not less than $10,000,000

-shall be used for the purchase, deployment, and repair

-of landslide early warning systems in high risk

-areas''.</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (c) 3D Elevation Program.--</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (1) Establishment.--Section 5(a) of the National

-Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3104(a)) is amended--

-</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (A) in paragraph (1)(A), by inserting

-``and derivative'' after ``3D elevation'';

-and</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (B) in paragraph (2)(B)(i), by inserting

-``, process, and integrate'' after

-``acquire''.</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (2) 3D elevation federal interagency coordinating

-committee.--Section 5(b)(3) of the National Landslide

-Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3104(b)(3)) is amended--</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (A) by redesignating subparagraphs (D) and

-(E) as subparagraphs (E) and (F), respectively;

-and</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (B) by inserting after subparagraph (C)

-the following:</DELETED>

-<DELETED> ``(D) the 3D Hydrography Program Working

-Group;''.</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (3) Grants and cooperative agreements.--Section

-5(d)(3) of the National Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C.

-3104(d)(3)) is amended by striking ``publically'' and inserting

-``publicly''.</DELETED>

-<DELETED> (4) Funding.--Section 5(e) of the National

-Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3104(e)) is amended by

-striking ``2024'' and inserting ``2030''.</DELETED>

SEC. 3. REAUTHORIZATION OF NATIONAL LANDSLIDE PREPAREDNESS ACT.

@@ -695,6 +331,21 @@

$10,000,000 shall be made available for the purchase,

deployment, and repair of landslide early warning

systems in high risk areas''.

+(13) Deficit reduction.--Section 3 of the National

+Landslide Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3102) is amended by

+striking subsection (j) (as redesignated by paragraph (9)(A))

+and inserting the following:

+``(j) Funding; Deficit Reduction.--

+``(1) Funding.--Funds used by an agency to carry out this

+section may, as provided in advance in appropriations Acts,

+only come from amounts authorized to be appropriated to that

+agency.

+``(2) Deficit reduction.--Any amount appropriated to an

+account of a Federal agency for the Federal agency to carry out

+a responsibility under this section that is cancelled pursuant

+to section 1552(a) of title 31, United States Code, shall be

+transferred to the general fund of the Treasury and be applied

+to deficit reduction.''.

(1) Establishment.--Section 5(a) of the National Landslide

Preparedness Act (43 U.S.C. 3104(a)) is amended--

@@ -907,25 +558,21 @@

to carry out this subsection shall be derived from

amounts appropriated or otherwise made available to the

United States Geological Survey.''.

-Calendar No. 249

+Passed the Senate January 5, 2026.

+Attest:

+Secretary.

119th CONGRESS

-1st Session

+2d Session

S. 1626

-[Report No. 119-92]

_______________________________________________________________________

-A BILL

+AN ACT

To reauthorize the National Landslide Preparedness Act, and for other

purposes.

-_______________________________________________________________________

-November 3, 2025

-Reported with an amendment

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Cosponsors (1)

Members who signed on to support this bill.

Cantwell D