S 1523
· 119th Congress
· Science, Technology, Communications
Water Research Optimization Act of 2025
Sponsor
Latest action
Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 196.
Action timeline
Every recorded action on this bill, newest first. Stage badges color-code the legislative path.
Oct 21, 2025
committee
Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Reported by Senator Cruz with an amendment in the nature of a substitute. With written report No. 119-85.
Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee
Oct 21, 2025
other
Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 196.
May 21, 2025
committee
Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Ordered to be reported with an amendment in the nature of a substitute favorably.
Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee
Apr 30, 2025
introduced
Introduced in Senate
Apr 30, 2025
introduced
Read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation.
Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee
Text versions
Each stage of the bill — official text published by GPO. Click any format to read on congress.gov / govinfo.
Changelog
ⓘ
How a bill moves through Congress. Each stage produces a new official text. The diff between them shows what changed at that step.
ih / is — Introduced in House / Senate. First filed version.rfh / rfs — Referred to a committee for review.rh / rs — Reported back by the committee to the floor (often with amendments — this is where most language changes happen).pcs / pch — Placed on Calendar for floor consideration.eh / es — Engrossed. Passed by the originating chamber. Text is now what was actually voted on.rdh / rds — Received by the other chamber.eah / eas — Engrossed Amendment. The other chamber passed an amended version.ath / ats — Agreed to. Both chambers settled on the same text.enr — Enrolled. Final reconciled text, sent to the President.pl — Public Law. Signed by the President. It's now law.pp — Public Print. Official printing post-enactment.
Most bills die before eh/es. Going from pcs → enr is the full path through both chambers.
ⓘ
How a bill moves through Congress. Each stage produces a new official text. The diff between them shows what changed at that step.
ih/is— Introduced in House / Senate. First filed version.rfh/rfs— Referred to a committee for review.rh/rs— Reported back by the committee to the floor (often with amendments — this is where most language changes happen).pcs/pch— Placed on Calendar for floor consideration.eh/es— Engrossed. Passed by the originating chamber. Text is now what was actually voted on.rdh/rds— Received by the other chamber.eah/eas— Engrossed Amendment. The other chamber passed an amended version.ath/ats— Agreed to. Both chambers settled on the same text.enr— Enrolled. Final reconciled text, sent to the President.pl— Public Law. Signed by the President. It's now law.pp— Public Print. Official printing post-enactment.
Most bills die before eh/es. Going from pcs → enr is the full path through both chambers.
Line-level diff between text versions of this bill — what actually changed at each legislative stage.
+129
−27
36 unchanged
--- Introduced (Senate)
+++ Reported (Senate)
@@ -1,12 +1,15 @@
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
-[S. 1523 Introduced in Senate (IS)]
+[S. 1523 Reported in Senate (RS)]
<DOC>
+Calendar No. 196
119th CONGRESS
1st Session
S. 1523
+[Report No. 119-85]
+
To modify operations of the National Water Center of the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and for other purposes.
@@ -20,6 +23,12 @@
which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce,
Science, and Transportation
+October 21, 2025
+
+Reported by Mr. Cruz, with an amendment
+[Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed
+in italic]
+
_______________________________________________________________________
A BILL
@@ -29,6 +38,81 @@
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled,
+
+<DELETED>SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.</DELETED>
+
+<DELETED> This Act may be cited as the ``Water Research Optimization
+Act of 2025''.</DELETED>
+
+<DELETED>SEC. 2. MODIFICATION OF OPERATIONS OF NATIONAL WATER
+CENTER.</DELETED>
+
+<DELETED> Section 301 of the Coordinated Ocean Observations and
+Research Act of 2020 (42 U.S.C. 10371) is amended--</DELETED>
+<DELETED> (1) in subsection (a)--</DELETED>
+<DELETED> (A) in paragraph (1)(A)--</DELETED>
+<DELETED> (i) in the matter preceding clause
+(i), by inserting ``, within the Office of
+Water Prediction of the National Weather
+Service,'' after ``shall establish'';</DELETED>
+<DELETED> (ii) in clause (i), by striking
+``and'' after the semicolon;</DELETED>
+<DELETED> (iii) in clause (ii), by striking
+the period and inserting ``; and'';
+and</DELETED>
+<DELETED> (iv) by adding at the end the
+following new clause:</DELETED>
+<DELETED> ``(iii) to lead the transition of
+water research by the Federal Government,
+including model development, into operations of
+the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
+Administration and the National Weather
+Service.'';</DELETED>
+<DELETED> (B) in paragraph (2), by adding at the end
+the following:</DELETED>
+<DELETED> ``(F) Serving as the primary center within
+the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration for
+research, development, collaboration, and coordination
+of the water research and operational activities of the
+Administration and other centers and networks of the
+Federal Government, including those of the Department
+of Agriculture, the Army Corps of Engineers, the Bureau
+of Reclamation, the United States Geological Survey,
+and the Federal Emergency Management Agency.</DELETED>
+<DELETED> ``(G) Integrating and promoting
+consistency among national and regional hydrological
+operations.''; and</DELETED>
+<DELETED> (C) by adding at the end the
+following:</DELETED>
+<DELETED> ``(3) Incorporation into unified forecast
+system.--The Under Secretary shall use the Weather and Climate
+Operational Supercomputing System, or any successor system, to
+support the development and implementation of advanced water
+resources modeling capabilities under paragraph (2)(B) and
+shall incorporate those modeling capabilities into the unified
+forecast system.'';</DELETED>
+<DELETED> (2) by striking subsection (b);</DELETED>
+<DELETED> (3) by redesignating subsections (c), (d), and (e)
+as subsections (b), (e), and (f), respectively;</DELETED>
+<DELETED> (4) by inserting after subsection (b), as
+redesignated by paragraph (3), the following:</DELETED>
+<DELETED> ``(c) Organization With River Forecast Centers.--The Under
+Secretary, acting through the Director of the Office of Water
+Prediction of the National Weather Service, shall supervise and oversee
+the administration, management, and operations of each River Forecast
+Center of the National Weather Service and coordinate those operations
+with the National Water Center.</DELETED>
+<DELETED> ``(d) Administration and Management of Cooperative
+Institute for Research to Operations in Hydrology.--The Under
+Secretary, acting through the Director of the Office of Water
+Prediction of the National Weather Service, shall administer the duties
+and activities of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
+related to the Cooperative Institute for Research to Operations in
+Hydrology, or any successor entity, and coordinate the activities of
+the Institute with the National Water Center.''; and</DELETED>
+<DELETED> (5) in subsection (e)(4), as redesignated by
+paragraph (3), by striking ``fiscal year 2024'' and inserting
+``each of fiscal years 2024 through 2028''.</DELETED>
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
@@ -61,14 +145,15 @@
``(F) Serving as the primary center within the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration for
research, development, collaboration, and coordination
-of the water research and operational activities of the
-Administration and other centers and networks of the
-Federal Government, including those of the Department
-of Agriculture, the Army Corps of Engineers, the Bureau
-of Reclamation, the United States Geological Survey,
-and the Federal Emergency Management Agency.
+of the water research and water forecast activities of
+the Administration and other centers and networks of
+the Federal Government, including those of the
+Department of Agriculture, the Army Corps of Engineers,
+the Bureau of Reclamation, the United States Geological
+Survey, and the Federal Emergency Management Agency.
``(G) Integrating and promoting consistency among
-national and regional hydrological operations.''; and
+national and regional hydrological forecast operations
+and service delivery.''; and
(C) by adding at the end the following:
``(3) Incorporation into unified forecast system.--The
Under Secretary shall use the Weather and Climate Operational
@@ -78,25 +163,42 @@
incorporate those modeling capabilities into the unified
forecast system.'';
(2) by striking subsection (b);
-(3) by redesignating subsections (c), (d), and (e) as
-subsections (b), (e), and (f), respectively;
+(3) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (b);
(4) by inserting after subsection (b), as redesignated by
paragraph (3), the following:
-``(c) Organization With River Forecast Centers.--The Under
-Secretary, acting through the Director of the Office of Water
-Prediction of the National Weather Service, shall supervise and oversee
-the administration, management, and operations of each River Forecast
-Center of the National Weather Service and coordinate those operations
-with the National Water Center.
-``(d) Administration and Management of Cooperative Institute for
-Research to Operations in Hydrology.--The Under Secretary, acting
+``(c) Organization and Administration.--The Under Secretary, acting
through the Director of the Office of Water Prediction of the National
-Weather Service, shall administer the duties and activities of the
-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration related to the
-Cooperative Institute for Research to Operations in Hydrology, or any
-successor entity, and coordinate the activities of the Institute with
-the National Water Center.''; and
-(5) in subsection (e)(4), as redesignated by paragraph (3),
-by striking ``fiscal year 2024'' and inserting ``each of fiscal
-years 2024 through 2028''.
-<all>
+Weather Service, shall--
+``(1) supervise and oversee the administration, management,
+and operations of each River Forecast Center of the National
+Weather Service and coordinate those operations with the
+National Water Center; and
+``(2) administer the duties and activities of the National
+Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration related to the
+Cooperative Institute for Research to Operations in Hydrology,
+or any successor entity, and coordinate the activities of the
+Institute with the National Water Center.''; and
+(5) in subsection (d)(4) by inserting before the period the
+following: ``and each of fiscal years 2026 through 2030''.
+Calendar No. 196
+
+119th CONGRESS
+
+1st Session
+
+S. 1523
+
+[Report No. 119-85]
+
+_______________________________________________________________________
+
+A BILL
+
+To modify operations of the National Water Center of the National
+Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and for other purposes.
+
+_______________________________________________________________________
+
+October 21, 2025
+
+Reported with an amendment
Cosponsors (1)
Members who signed on to support this bill.