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S 1318 · 119th Congress · Armed Forces and National Security

Fallen Servicemembers Religious Heritage Restoration Act

Introduced April 07, 2025 Latest action April 29, 2026 20 cosponsors

Sponsor

Latest action

Message on House action received in Senate and at desk: House amendment to Senate bill.

Action timeline

Every recorded action on this bill, newest first. Stage badges color-code the legislative path.

Apr 29, 2026
committee Rules Committee Resolution H. Res. 1224 Reported to House. Rule provides for consideration of H.R. 7567, H.R. 2616, S. Con. Res. 33, S. 1318 and H.R. 1346. The resolution provides for consideration of H.R. 7567 under a structured rule and H.R. 2616, S. Con. Res. 33, S. 1318, and H.R. 1346 under a closed rule, with one hour of general debate on each measure. The resolution provides for one motion to recommit on H.R. 7567, H.R. 2616, and H.R. 1346, and one motion to commit on S. 1318.
Apr 29, 2026
floor Considered under the provisions of rule H. Res. 1224. (consideration: CR H3160-3168)
Apr 29, 2026
floor Rule provides for consideration of H.R. 7567, H.R. 2616, S. Con. Res. 33, S. 1318 and H.R. 1346. The resolution provides for consideration of H.R. 7567 under a structured rule and H.R. 2616, S. Con. Res. 33, S. 1318, and H.R. 1346 under a closed rule, with one hour of general debate on each measure. The resolution provides for one motion to recommit on H.R. 7567, H.R. 2616, and H.R. 1346, and one motion to commit on S. 1318.
Apr 29, 2026
floor DEBATE - The House proceeded with one hour of debate on S. 1318.
Apr 29, 2026
floor The previous question was ordered pursuant to the rule.

Roll-call votes

Floor votes recorded on this bill.

Roll call #142 — On Passage

April 29, 2026 · Passed
235
Yea
191
Nay
4
Missed
D 42–169 (1 missed) R 192–22 (3 missed) I 1–0
view official roll-call →

Text versions

Each stage of the bill — official text published by GPO. Click any format to read on congress.gov / govinfo.

Apr 29, 2026 Engrossed Amendment House
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Nov 20, 2025 Engrossed in Senate
XML
Oct 22, 2025 Reported to Senate
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Apr 07, 2025 Introduced in Senate
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CRS summaries

Plain-English summaries written by the Congressional Research Service — neutral, nonpartisan staff who summarize bills as they advance through stages. The authoritative description of what each version of the bill does.

via Congressional Research Service · published through congress.gov

Changelog
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How a bill moves through Congress. Each stage produces a new official text. The diff between them shows what changed at that step.

  1. ih / is — Introduced in House / Senate. First filed version.
  2. rfh / rfs — Referred to a committee for review.
  3. rh / rs — Reported back by the committee to the floor (often with amendments — this is where most language changes happen).
  4. pcs / pch — Placed on Calendar for floor consideration.
  5. eh / es — Engrossed. Passed by the originating chamber. Text is now what was actually voted on.
  6. rdh / rds — Received by the other chamber.
  7. eah / eas — Engrossed Amendment. The other chamber passed an amended version.
  8. ath / ats — Agreed to. Both chambers settled on the same text.
  9. enr — Enrolled. Final reconciled text, sent to the President.
  10. pl — Public Law. Signed by the President. It's now law.
  11. pp — Public Print. Official printing post-enactment.

Most bills die before eh/es. Going from pcs → enr is the full path through both chambers.

Line-level diff between text versions of this bill — what actually changed at each legislative stage.

→
+331 −93 15 unchanged
--- Engrossed (Senate)
+++ Engrossed Amendment (House)
@@ -1,108 +1,346 @@
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
-[S. 1318 Engrossed in Senate (ES)]
+[S. 1318 Engrossed Amendment House (EAH)]
<DOC>
-
-119th CONGRESS
-1st Session
-S. 1318
-
-_______________________________________________________________________
-
-AN ACT
-
-To direct the American Battle Monuments Commission to establish a
+In the House of Representatives, U. S.,
+
+April 29, 2026.
+Resolved, That the bill from the Senate (S. 1318) entitled ``An Act
+to direct the American Battle Monuments Commission to establish a
program to identify American-Jewish servicemembers buried in United
States military cemeteries overseas under markers that incorrectly
-represent their religion and heritage, and for other purposes.
-
-Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
-United States of America in Congress assembled,
-
-SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
-
-This Act may be cited as the ``Fallen Servicemembers Religious
-Heritage Restoration Act''.
-
-SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
-
-Congress finds the following:
-(1) An estimated 900 American-Jewish servicemembers of the
-Armed Forces killed in World War I and World War II and buried
-overseas in United States military cemeteries were, for various
-reasons, mistakenly buried under Latin Crosses. In most
-instances, those mistakes were made inadvertently.
-(2) In 2022, more than 2,000,000 people visited the United
-States World War I and World War II cemeteries in foreign
-countries.
-(3) American-Jewish servicemembers played a vital role in
-the Allied victories in World War I and World War II.
-(4) American-Jewish servicemembers who fought and died for
-the United States must have their heritage properly recognized
-and honored.
-(5) The United States Government has a solemn
-responsibility to ensure that every American servicemember
-killed in action and buried overseas is properly honored.
-(6) The work of properly identifying American-Jewish
-servicemembers buried overseas is vital and integral to the
-responsibility of the American Battle Monuments Commission to
-ensure that past mistakes in honoring those servicemembers who
-died in the line of duty are corrected.
-
-SEC. 3. FALLEN SERVICEMEMBERS RELIGIOUS HERITAGE RESTORATION PROGRAM.
-
-(a) Establishment.--The American Battle Monuments Commission shall
-establish a program to identify covered members and to contact
-survivors and descendants of such covered members. Such program shall
-be known as the ``Fallen Servicemembers Religious Heritage Restoration
-Program''.
-(b) Duration.--The Commission shall carry out the Fallen
-Servicemembers Religious Heritage Restoration Program during the first
-10 fiscal years that begin after the date of the enactment of this Act.
-(c) Contracts.--
-(1) Authority.--During each fiscal year described in
-subsection (b), the Commission shall seek to enter into a
-contract with a nonprofit organization under which such
-nonprofit organization shall carry out the purpose described in
-subsection (a).
-(2) Term; amount.--Each contract under this subsection
-shall be for one year and in the amount of $500,000 to the
-nonprofit organization.
-(3) Priority.--In awarding a contract under this
-subsection, the Commission shall give priority to a nonprofit
-organization that has demonstrated capability and expertise in
-carrying out the purpose described in subsection (a).
-(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--To carry out this section,
-there is authorized to be appropriated to the Commission $500,000 for
-each fiscal year described in subsection (b).
-(e) Definitions.--In this section:
-(1) The term ``covered member'' means a deceased member of
-the Armed Forces who was Jewish and buried--
-(A) in a United States military cemetery located
-outside the United States; and
-(B) under a marker that indicates such member was
-not Jewish.
-(2) The term ``nonprofit organization'' means an
-organization described in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal
-Revenue Code of 1986 and exempt from taxation under section
-501(a) of such Code.
-
-Passed the Senate November 20, 2025.
+represent their religion and heritage, and for other purposes.'', do
+pass with the following
+
+AMENDMENT:
+
+Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert:
+
+SECTION 1. SHORT TITLES; TABLE OF CONTENTS.
+
+(a) Short Titles.--This Act may be cited as the ``Foreign
+Intelligence Accountability Act'' and the ``Anti-CBDC Surveillance
+State Act''.
+(b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as
+follows:
+
+Sec. 1. Short titles; table of contents.
+
+TITLE I--FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE ACCOUNTABILITY ACT
+
+Sec. 101. Civil liberties review of FBI queries.
+Sec. 102. Criminal penalties for violation of prohibition on queries.
+Sec. 103. Requirement for targeting United States persons under the
+Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of
+1978.
+Sec. 104. Attendance procedures for Member access to the Foreign
+Intelligence Surveillance Court and Foreign
+Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review.
+Sec. 105. Requirement for attorney approval of FBI queries using United
+States person query term.
+Sec. 106. Government Accountability Office audit of targeting
+procedures under section 702 of the Foreign
+Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978.
+Sec. 107. Extension of authorities of title VII of the Foreign
+Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978.
+
+TITLE II--ANTI-CBDC SURVEILLANCE STATE ACT
+
+Sec. 201. Short title.
+Sec. 202. Prohibition on Federal reserve banks relating to certain
+products or services for individuals and
+prohibition on directly issuing a central
+bank digital currency.
+Sec. 203. Prohibition on Federal reserve banks indirectly issuing a
+central bank digital currency.
+Sec. 204. Prohibition with respect to central bank digital currency.
+Sec. 205. Sense of Congress.
+
+TITLE I--FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE ACCOUNTABILITY ACT
+
+SEC. 101. CIVIL LIBERTIES REVIEW OF FBI QUERIES.
+
+(a) Requirement.--Subsection (f)(3) of section 702 of the Foreign
+Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (50 U.S.C. 1881a) is amended--
+(1) in subparagraph (D)--
+(A) by redesignating clauses (iv) through (vi) as
+clauses (v) through (vii), respectively;
+(B) by inserting after clause (iii) the following
+new clause:
+``(iv) Monthly civil liberties review.--A
+requirement that the Federal Bureau of
+Investigation, on a monthly basis, provides to
+the Civil Liberties Protection Officer within
+the Office of the Director of National
+Intelligence the written statements regarding
+each United States person query submitted in
+the previous month under clause (iii).'';
+(C) in clause (vi), as so redesignated, by striking
+``(iv)'' and inserting ``(v)''; and
+(D) by conforming the margin of clause (vii), as so
+redesignated, to the margin of the other clauses; and
+(2) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
+``(E) Civil liberties reviews and investigations.--
+``(i) Civil liberties protection officer.--
+The Civil Liberties Protection Officer within
+the Office of the Director of National
+Intelligence shall review each written
+statement regarding a United States person
+query submitted under subparagraph (D)(iv) to
+determine whether the query meets the standards
+required by the procedures adopted under
+paragraph (1). If the Civil Liberties
+Protection Officer determines that the query
+did not meet such standards or there exists
+possible abuses of civil liberties and privacy,
+the Civil Liberties Protection Officer shall
+refer the query to the Inspector General of the
+Intelligence Community.
+``(ii) Inspector general of the
+intelligence community.--The Inspector General
+of the Intelligence Community shall determine
+whether each query referred under clause (i)
+constitutes a violation of laws, rules, or
+regulations or an abuse of authority.''.
+(b) Conforming Amendments.--The National Security Act of 1947 (50
+U.S.C. 3001 et seq.) is amended--
+(1) in section 103D (50 U.S.C. 3029)--
+(A) in subsection (b)--
+(i) in paragraph (6), by striking ``; and''
+and inserting a semicolon;
+(ii) by redesignating paragraph (7) as
+paragraph (8); and
+(iii) by inserting after paragraph (6) the
+following new paragraph (7):
+``(7) review each written statement submitted to the Civil
+Liberties Protection Officer under section 702(f)(3) of the
+Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (50 U.S.C.
+1881a(f)(3)); and''; and
+(B) in subsection (c), by inserting before the
+period at the end the following: ``, and, based on the
+reviews specified in paragraph (7) of such subsection,
+shall make referrals to the Inspector General of the
+Intelligence Community under section 702(f)(3) of the
+Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (50
+U.S.C. 1881a(f)(3))''; and
+(2) in section 103H(g)(3)(A) (50 U.S.C. 3033(g)(3)(A)), by
+inserting after ``and safety'' the following: ``(including with
+respect to referrals from the Civil Liberties Protection
+Officer pursuant to section 702(f)(3) of the Foreign
+Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (50 U.S.C.
+1881a(f)(3))''.
+
+SEC. 102. CRIMINAL PENALTIES FOR VIOLATION OF PROHIBITION ON QUERIES.
+
+(a) In General.--Section 709 of the Foreign Intelligence
+Surveillance Act of 1978 (50 U.S.C. 1881h) is amended--
+(1) in the heading, by striking ``unauthorized disclosure''
+and inserting ``unauthorized disclosure and other actions'';
+(2) in subsection (a)--
+(A) by striking ``if that person knowingly'' and
+inserting the following: ``if that person--''
+``(1) knowingly'';
+(B) by striking ``party.'' and inserting
+``party;''; and
+(C) by adding at the end the following new
+paragraphs:
+``(2) while serving as an employee or officer of the
+Federal Bureau of Investigation, knowingly and willfully
+violates the querying procedures adopted under section
+702(f)(1)(A) relating to United States person queries; or
+``(3) knowingly and willfully falsifies or materially
+misrepresents complying with the procedures or requirements for
+querying information acquired under section 702(a).''; and
+(3) in subsection (b)--
+(A) by striking ``offense in this section'' and
+inserting the following: ``offense--
+``(1) in paragraph (1) of subsection (a)'';
+(B) by striking ``title 18'' and inserting ``title
+18, United States Code'';
+(C) by striking ``both.'' and inserting ``both;
+and''; and
+(D) by adding at the end the following new
+paragraph:
+``(2) in paragraph (2) or (3) of subsection (a), shall be
+fined under title 18, United States Code, imprisoned for not
+more than 5 years, or both.''.
+(b) Table of Contents Amendment.--The table of contents at the
+beginning of such Act is amended by striking the item relating to
+section 709 and inserting the following new item:
+
+``Sec. 709. Penalties for unauthorized disclosure and other actions.''.
+
+SEC. 103. REQUIREMENT FOR TARGETING UNITED STATES PERSONS UNDER THE
+FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE SURVEILLANCE ACT OF 1978.
+
+Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978
+(50 U.S.C. 1881a) is amended by adding at the end the following new
+subsection:
+``(o) Fourth Amendment Requirement for Targeting United States
+Persons.--
+``(1) Prohibition on targeting united states persons.--In
+accordance with subsection (b), no officer or employee of the
+United States Government may intentionally target a United
+States person for an acquisition under section 702.
+``(2) Order requirements for targeting united states
+persons.--In accordance with the other provisions of this Act
+and the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure, with respect to a
+United States person, the United States Government may seek--
+``(A) an order authorizing electronic surveillance
+in accordance with title I;
+``(B) an order authorizing a physical search in
+accordance with title III;
+``(C) an order authorizing an acquisition in
+accordance with section 703, 704, or 705; or
+``(D) a warrant issued pursuant to the Federal
+Rules of Criminal Procedure by a court of competent
+jurisdiction.''.
+
+SEC. 104. ATTENDANCE PROCEDURES FOR MEMBER ACCESS TO THE FOREIGN
+INTELLIGENCE SURVEILLANCE COURT AND FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE
+SURVEILLANCE COURT OF REVIEW.
+
+Not later than 60 days after the date of the enactment of this Act,
+the Attorney General shall--
+(1) revoke the procedures issued by the Attorney General on
+or before December 31, 2025, pursuant to section 5(d) of the
+Reforming Intelligence and Securing America Act (Public Law
+118-49; 50 U.S.C. 1803 note); and
+(2) issue new procedures that comply with such section and
+ensure the access of the Members of Congress and staff
+specified in such section to any proceeding of the Foreign
+Intelligence Surveillance Court or any proceeding of the
+Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review.
+
+SEC. 105. REQUIREMENT FOR ATTORNEY APPROVAL OF FBI QUERIES USING UNITED
+STATES PERSON QUERY TERM.
+
+Section 702(f)(3)(A)(i) of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance
+Act of 1978 (50 U.S.C. 1881a(f)(3)(A)(i)) is amended by striking
+``supervisor (or employee of equivalent or greater rank) or''.
+
+SEC. 106. GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE AUDIT OF TARGETING
+PROCEDURES UNDER SECTION 702 OF THE FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE
+SURVEILLANCE ACT OF 1978.
+
+(a) Audit.--The Comptroller General of the United States shall
+conduct an audit of the targeting procedures used for acquisitions
+under section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978
+(50 U.S.C. 1881a), including the technical mechanisms, implementation,
+and operations used by the Federal Government for targeting
+capabilities.
+(b) Report.--Not later than one year after the date of the
+enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General shall submit to the
+Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence and the Committee on the
+Judiciary of the House of Representatives and the Select Committee on
+Intelligence and the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate a report
+containing the results of the audit required by subsection (a),
+including an analysis of whether the targeting procedures as
+implemented are appropriately limiting targeting under section 702 of
+the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (50 U.S.C. 1881a) to
+non-United States persons located outside of the United States.
+
+SEC. 107. EXTENSION OF AUTHORITIES OF TITLE VII OF THE FOREIGN
+INTELLIGENCE SURVEILLANCE ACT OF 1978.
+
+(a) Extension of Repeal Date of Title VII.--Section 403(b) of the
+FISA Amendments Act of 2008 (Public Law 110-261), as most recently
+amended by Public Law 119-84, is further amended--
+(1) in paragraph (1) (50 U.S.C. 1881 note) by striking
+``April 30, 2026'' and inserting ``April 30, 2029''; and
+(2) in paragraph (2) (18 U.S.C. 2511 note), in the matter
+preceding subparagraph (A), by striking ``April 30, 2026'' and
+inserting ``April 30, 2029''.
+(b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall take
+effect on the earlier of the date of the enactment of this Act or April
+29, 2026.
+
+TITLE II--ANTI-CBDC SURVEILLANCE STATE ACT
+
+SEC. 201. SHORT TITLE.
+
+This title may be cited as the ``Anti-CBDC Surveillance State
+Act''.
+
+SEC. 202. PROHIBITION ON FEDERAL RESERVE BANKS RELATING TO CERTAIN
+PRODUCTS OR SERVICES FOR INDIVIDUALS AND PROHIBITION ON
+DIRECTLY ISSUING A CENTRAL BANK DIGITAL CURRENCY.
+
+Section 16 of the Federal Reserve Act (12 U.S.C. 411 et seq.) is
+amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
+``(18)(A) A Federal reserve bank may not--
+``(i) offer financial products or services directly to an
+individual;
+``(ii) maintain an account on behalf of an individual; or
+``(iii) issue a central bank digital currency, or any digital asset
+that is substantially similar under any other name or label.
+``(B) In this paragraph, the term `central bank digital currency'
+has the meaning given that term under section 10(11)(D).''.
+
+SEC. 203. PROHIBITION ON FEDERAL RESERVE BANKS INDIRECTLY ISSUING A
+CENTRAL BANK DIGITAL CURRENCY.
+
+Section 16 of the Federal Reserve Act (12 U.S.C. 411 et seq.), as
+amended by section 2, is further amended by adding at the end the
+following paragraph:
+``(19)(A) A Federal reserve bank may not offer a central bank
+digital currency, or any digital asset that is substantially similar
+under any other name or label, indirectly to an individual through a
+financial institution or other intermediary.
+``(B) In this paragraph, the term `central bank digital currency'
+has the meaning given that term under section 10(11)(D).''.
+
+SEC. 204. PROHIBITION WITH RESPECT TO CENTRAL BANK DIGITAL CURRENCY.
+
+Section 10 of the Federal Reserve Act (12 U.S.C. 241 et seq.) is
+amended by inserting before paragraph (12) the following:
+``(11) Prohibition with respect to central bank digital
+currency.--
+``(A) In general.--The Board of Governors of the
+Federal Reserve System may not test, study, develop,
+create, or implement a central bank digital currency,
+or any digital asset that is substantially similar
+under any other name or label.
+``(B) Monetary policy.--The Board of Governors of
+the Federal Reserve System and the Federal Open Market
+Committee may not use a central bank digital currency
+to implement monetary policy, or any digital asset that
+is substantially similar under any other name or label.
+``(C) Exception.--Subparagraph (A) and sections
+16(18)(A)(iii) and 16(19)(A) may not be construed to
+prohibit any dollar-denominated currency that is open,
+permissionless, and private, and fully preserves the
+privacy protections of United States coins and physical
+currency.
+``(D) Central bank digital currency defined.--In
+this paragraph, the term `central bank digital
+currency' means a form of digital money or monetary
+value that is--
+``(i) denominated in the national unit of
+account;
+``(ii) a direct liability of the Federal
+Reserve System; and
+``(iii) widely available to the general
+public.''.
+
+SEC. 205. SENSE OF CONGRESS.
+
+It is the sense of Congress that the Board of Governors of the
+Federal Reserve System currently does not have the authority to issue a
+central bank digital currency, or any digital asset that is
+substantially similar under any other name or label, and will not have
+such authority unless Congress grants it under Congress's Article 1
+Section 8 powers.
Attest:
-Secretary.
+Clerk.
119th CONGRESS
-1st Session
+2d Session
S. 1318
_______________________________________________________________________
-AN ACT
-
-To direct the American Battle Monuments Commission to establish a
-program to identify American-Jewish servicemembers buried in United
-States military cemeteries overseas under markers that incorrectly
-represent their religion and heritage, and for other purposes.
+AMENDMENT

Lobbying activity

Organizations whose LDA filings reference this bill, ranked by filing count. Position not disclosed — LDA does not require lobbyists to report support / oppose / monitor. Bill-number references can be stale (lobbyists sometimes copy text year-over-year), so verify against the filing description.

REPUBLICAN JEWISH COALITION
VET
4
filings · 2026 Q3
OPERATION BENJAMIN
VET
4
filings · 2026 Q3
JEWISH FEDERATIONS OF NORTH AMERICA
VET
3
filings · 2026 Q3

via Senate LDA · self-reported quarterly. Filing count = filings mentioning this bill (no position required), not money spent on it. Click a client to see all bills they've filed on.

Cosponsors (20)

Members who signed on to support this bill.

Rosen D
Blumenthal D
Cornyn R
Slotkin D
Schiff D
Tillis R
Boozman R
Collins R
Cruz R
Warnock D
Banks R
Murray D
McCormick R
Hirono D
Hassan D
Welch D
Lankford R
Ossoff D
Husted R
Gallego D