HR 7567 · 119th Congress · Agriculture and Food

Farm, Food, and National Security Act of 2026

Introduced February 13, 2026 Latest action April 30, 2026 0 cosponsors

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Latest action

The Clerk was authorized to correct section numbers, punctuation, and cross references, and to make other necessary technical and conforming corrections in the engrossment of H.R. 7567.

Action timeline

Every recorded action on this bill, newest first. Stage badges color-code the legislative path.

Apr 30, 2026

floor POSTPONED PROCEEDINGS - At the conclusion of debate on the Bentz amendment No. 2, the Chair put the question on agreeing to the amendment and by voice vote, announced the ayes had prevailed. Ms. Brown demanded a recorded vote, and the Chair postponed further proceedings until a time to be announced.

Apr 30, 2026

floor DEBATE - Pursuant to the provisions of H. Res. 1224, the Committee of the Whole proceeded with 10 minutes of debate on the Brown amendment No. 3.

Apr 30, 2026

floor DEBATE - Pursuant to the provisions of H. Res. 1224, the Committee of the Whole proceeded with 10 minutes of debate on the Carbajal amendment No. 4.

Apr 30, 2026

floor DEBATE - Pursuant to the provisions of H. Res. 1224, the Committee of the Whole proceeded with 10 minutes of debate on the Hayes amendment No. 5.

Apr 30, 2026

floor DEBATE - Pursuant to the provisions of H. Res. 1224, the Committee of the Whole proceeded with 10 minutes of debate on the Crawford amendment No. 7.

Roll-call votes

Floor votes recorded on this bill.

Roll call #144 — On Agreeing to the Amendment

April 30, 2026 · Failed

210

Yea

216

Nay

Missed

D 37–176 (2 missed) R 172–40 (7 missed) I 1–0

view official roll-call →

Roll call #145 — On Agreeing to the Amendment

April 30, 2026 · Agreed to

384

Yea

Nay

Missed

D 196–12 (7 missed) R 187–23 (10 missed) I 1–0

view official roll-call →

Roll call #146 — On Agreeing to the Amendment

April 30, 2026 · Agreed to

416

Yea

Nay

Missed

D 206–7 (2 missed) R 209–1 (9 missed) I 1–0

view official roll-call →

Each stage of the bill — official text published by GPO. Click any format to read on congress.gov / govinfo.

Apr 21, 2026 Reported in House

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Feb 13, 2026 Introduced in House

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CRS summaries

Plain-English summaries written by the Congressional Research Service — neutral, nonpartisan staff who summarize bills as they advance through stages. The authoritative description of what each version of the bill does.

00 Introduced in House Feb 13, 2026

Farm, Food, and National Security Act of 2026 This bill (commonly known as the farm bill) reauthorizes through FY2031 and modifies Department of Agriculture programs that address commodity support, conservation, trade and international food aid, nutrition assistance, farm credit, rural development, research and extension activities, forestry, energy, horticulture, crop insurance, livestock and other animals, and foreign investments in U.S. agricultural land.

via Congressional Research Service · published through congress.gov

Changelog

ⓘ

How a bill moves through Congress. Each stage produces a new official text. The diff between them shows what changed at that step.

`ih` / `is` — Introduced in House / Senate. First filed version.

`rfh` / `rfs` — Referred to a committee for review.

`rh` / `rs` — Reported back by the committee to the floor (often with amendments — this is where most language changes happen).

`pcs` / `pch` — Placed on Calendar for floor consideration.

`eh` / `es` — Engrossed. Passed by the originating chamber. Text is now what was actually voted on.

`rdh` / `rds` — Received by the other chamber.

`eah` / `eas` — Engrossed Amendment. The other chamber passed an amended version.

`ath` / `ats` — Agreed to. Both chambers settled on the same text.

`enr` — Enrolled. Final reconciled text, sent to the President.

`pl` — Public Law. Signed by the President. It's now law.

`pp` — Public Print. Official printing post-enactment.

Most bills die before `eh`/`es`. Going from `pcs` → `enr` is the full path through both chambers.

Line-level diff between text versions of this bill — what actually changed at each legislative stage.

+2015 −509 1780 unchanged

--- Introduced (House)

+++ Reported (House)

@@ -1,12 +1,15 @@

[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]

-[H.R. 7567 Introduced in House (IH)]

+[H.R. 7567 Reported in House (RH)]

<DOC>

+Union Calendar No. 537

119th CONGRESS

2d Session

H. R. 7567

+[Report No. 119-620]

To provide for the reform and continuation of agricultural and other

programs of the Department of Agriculture through fiscal year 2031, and

for other purposes.

@@ -19,6 +22,15 @@

Mr. Thompson of Pennsylvania introduced the following bill; which was

referred to the Committee on Agriculture

+April 21, 2026

+Reported with an amendment, committed to the Committee of the Whole

+House on the State of the Union, and ordered to be printed

+[Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed

+in italic]

+[For text of introduced bill, see copy of bill as introduced on

+February 13, 2026]

_______________________________________________________________________

@@ -40,6 +52,7 @@

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.

Sec. 2. Definitions.

TITLE I--COMMODITIES

Sec. 1001. Suspension of permanent price support authority.

@@ -53,26 +66,34 @@

Sec. 1009. Storage facility loans.

Sec. 1010. Strengthening domestic food production supply chains.

Sec. 1011. Regulations.

+Sec. 1012. Restoration of tobacco as agricultural commodity in

+Commodity Credit Corporation Charter Act.

TITLE II--CONSERVATION

Subtitle A--Definitions

Sec. 2001. Definitions.

Sec. 2002. Mitigation banking.

Subtitle B--Conservation Reserve Program

Sec. 2101. Conservation reserve.

Sec. 2102. Farmable wetland program.

Subtitle C--Environmental Quality Incentives Program

Sec. 2201. Definitions.

Sec. 2202. Establishment and administration.

Sec. 2203. Limitation on payments.

Sec. 2204. Conservation innovation grants and payments.

Subtitle D--Conservation Stewardship Program

-Sec. 2301. Duties of the Secretary.

-Sec. 2302. State assistance for soil health.

+Sec. 2301. Conservation stewardship program.

+Sec. 2302. Duties of the Secretary.

+Sec. 2303. State assistance for soil health.

Subtitle E--Other Conservation Programs

Sec. 2401. Conservation of private grazing land.

@@ -81,21 +102,27 @@

Sec. 2404. Emergency conservation program.

Sec. 2405. Emergency watershed program.

Sec. 2406. National agriculture flood vulnerability study.

+Sec. 2407. Study on environmental benefits of winter wheat as a cover

+crop.

Subtitle F--Funding and Administration

Sec. 2501. Commodity Credit Corporation.

Sec. 2502. Delivery of technical assistance.

Sec. 2503. Administrative requirements for conservation programs.

Subtitle G--Agricultural Conservation Easement Program

Sec. 2601. Definitions.

Sec. 2602. Agricultural land easements.

Sec. 2603. Wetland reserve easements.

Sec. 2604. Administration.

Subtitle H--Forest Conservation Easement Program

Sec. 2701. Forest conservation easement program.

Sec. 2702. Healthy Forests Reserve Program.

Subtitle I--Regional Conservation Partnership Program

Sec. 2801. Establishment and purposes.

@@ -105,6 +132,7 @@

Sec. 2805. Funding.

Sec. 2806. Administration.

Sec. 2807. Critical conservation areas.

TITLE III--TRADE

Subtitle A--Food for Peace Act

@@ -126,12 +154,14 @@

Sec. 3111. Termination date for micronutrient fortification programs.

Sec. 3112. John Ogonowski and Doug Bereuter farmer-to-farmer program.

Sec. 3113. Food for Peace Act administration.

Subtitle B--Agricultural Trade Act of 1978

Sec. 3201. Agricultural trade promotion and facilitation.

Sec. 3202. Preserving foreign markets for goods using common names.

Sec. 3203. Interagency seasonal and perishable fruits and vegetable

working group.

Subtitle C--Other Agricultural Trade Laws

Sec. 3301. Growing American food exports.

@@ -148,6 +178,12 @@

Sec. 3310. Local and regional food aid procurement projects.

Sec. 3311. Agricultural trade enforcement task force.

Sec. 3312. Report on international shrimp trade.

+Subtitle D--Other Trade Matters

+Sec. 3401. Report on modifications to USMCA.

+Sec. 3402. Sense of Congress and report on Argentine beef imports.

TITLE IV--NUTRITION

Subtitle A--Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program

@@ -156,7 +192,7 @@

Sec. 4102. Prohibited fees.

Sec. 4103. SNAP staffing flexibility.

Sec. 4104. Updates to administrative processes for SNAP retailers.

-Sec. 4105. Report On All Identified Payment Errors.

+Sec. 4105. Report on all identified payment errors.

Sec. 4106. Authorization of appropriations.

Sec. 4107. Retail food store and recipient trafficking.

Sec. 4108. EBT card security regulations.

@@ -166,6 +202,7 @@

program online purchasing.

Sec. 4112. Emergency food assistance programs.

Sec. 4113. Food distribution program on Indian reservations.

Subtitle B--Commodity Distribution Programs

Sec. 4201. Commodity distribution program.

@@ -173,7 +210,8 @@

Sec. 4203. Distribution of surplus commodities to special nutrition

projects.

Sec. 4204. Commodity supplemental food program demonstration project

-for tribal organizations.

+for Tribal organizations.

Subtitle C--Miscellaneous

Sec. 4301. Purchase of fresh fruits and vegetables for distribution to

@@ -185,7 +223,8 @@

Sec. 4305. Dairy nutrition incentives projects.

Sec. 4306. Local farmers feeding our communities program.

Sec. 4307. Healthy food financing initiative.

-Sec. 4308. Dietary Guidelines.

+Sec. 4308. Dietary guidelines.

TITLE V--CREDIT

Subtitle A--Farm Ownership Loans

@@ -203,15 +242,18 @@

Sec. 5109. Heirs property.

Sec. 5110. Prompt approval of loans and loan guarantees.

Sec. 5111. Expedited approval pilot program.

Subtitle B--Operating Loans

Sec. 5201. Persons eligible for operating loans.

Sec. 5202. Limitations on amount of operating loans.

Sec. 5203. Limitation on microloan amounts.

Sec. 5204. Cooperative lending pilot projects.

Subtitle C--Emergency Loans

Sec. 5301. Persons eligible for emergency loans.

Subtitle D--Administrative Provisions

Sec. 5401. Beginning farmer and rancher individual development accounts

@@ -220,6 +262,7 @@

Sec. 5403. Loan fund set-asides.

Sec. 5404. Use of additional funds for direct operating microloans

under certain conditions.

Subtitle E--Miscellaneous

Sec. 5501. Extension of credit to businesses providing services to

@@ -232,6 +275,12 @@

Sec. 5506. Standards for qualified loans.

Sec. 5507. State agricultural mediation programs.

Sec. 5508. Technical corrections.

+Sec. 5509. Report on improving creditworthiness of direct and

+guaranteed loan borrowers.

+Sec. 5510. Farm Credit Administration option to examine low-risk Farm

+Credit System institutions on a 24-month

+cycle.

TITLE VI--RURAL DEVELOPMENT

Subtitle A--Improving Health Outcomes in Rural America

@@ -239,6 +288,7 @@

Sec. 6101. Prioritizations for distance learning and telemedicine and

community facilities program.

Sec. 6102. Distance learning and telemedicine loans and grants.

Subtitle B--Connecting Rural Americans to High Speed Broadband

Sec. 6201. Rural broadband program loans and grants.

@@ -249,6 +299,7 @@

Sec. 6206. Public notice, assessments, technical assistance, and

reporting requirements.

Sec. 6207. Limitation on overbuilding.

Subtitle C--Miscellaneous

Sec. 6301. Rural energy savings program.

@@ -261,6 +312,7 @@

distressed areas.

Sec. 6307. Establishment of the Rural Development Innovation Center.

Sec. 6308. Rural Health Liaison report.

Subtitle D--Additional Amendments to the Consolidated Farm and Rural

Development Act

@@ -283,8 +335,7 @@

Sec. 6415. Rural economic area partnership zones.

Sec. 6416. Intermediary relending program.

Sec. 6417. Rural health care facility assistance.

-Sec. 6418. Elimination of prohibition on use of loan for certain

-purposes.

+Sec. 6418. Prohibition on use of loan or grant for certain purposes.

Sec. 6419. Rural Business-Cooperative Service programs technical

assistance and training.

Sec. 6420. National Rural Development Partnership.

@@ -299,6 +350,7 @@

Sec. 6428. Technical corrections.

Sec. 6429. Rural water and wastewater technical assistance and training

programs.

Subtitle E--Additional Amendments to the Rural Electrification Act of

Sec. 6501. Guarantees for bonds and notes issued for utility

@@ -306,6 +358,7 @@

Sec. 6502. Extension of the rural economic development loan and grant

program.

Sec. 6503. Expansion of 911 access.

TITLE VII--RESEARCH, EXTENSION, AND RELATED MATTERS

Subtitle A--National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching

@@ -336,7 +389,7 @@

universities.

Sec. 7114. Matching funds requirement for research and extension

activities at eligible institutions.

-Sec. 7115. New Beginning for Tribal Students.

+Sec. 7115. New beginning for Tribal students.

Sec. 7116. Education grants programs for Hispanic-serving institutions.

Sec. 7117. Binational agricultural research and development.

Sec. 7118. Grants and partnerships for international agricultural

@@ -355,6 +408,7 @@

Sec. 7129. Distance education grants for insular areas.

Sec. 7130. Resident instruction grants for insular areas.

Sec. 7131. Repeals.

Subtitle B--Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990

Sec. 7201. Sustainable agriculture research and education.

@@ -371,6 +425,8 @@

Sec. 7210. Farming opportunities training and outreach.

Sec. 7211. National Rural Information Center Clearinghouse.

Sec. 7212. Repeal.

+Sec. 7213. Researching the transition to organic.

Subtitle C--Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act

of 1998

@@ -389,12 +445,14 @@

Sec. 7308. Office of Pest Management Policy.

Sec. 7309. Forestry products advanced utilization research.

Sec. 7310. Repeals.

Subtitle D--Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008

Sec. 7401. Grazinglands research laboratory.

Sec. 7402. Farm and Ranch Stress Assistance Network.

Sec. 7403. Sun grant program.

Sec. 7404. Repeals.

Subtitle E--Amendments to Other Laws

Sec. 7501. Equity in Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 1994.

@@ -408,6 +466,8 @@

and extension at 1862 and 1890 land-grant

colleges, including Tuskegee University.

Sec. 7509. Repeal.

+Sec. 7510. Amendment to Smith-Lever Act.

Subtitle F--Other Matters

Sec. 7601. Foundation for food and agriculture research.

@@ -421,6 +481,9 @@

Sec. 7608. Under Secretary of Agriculture for Research, Education, and

Economics.

Sec. 7609. Agricultural Innovation Corps.

+Sec. 7610. Study on technical assistance with respect to transfer of

+agricultural land and assets.

TITLE VIII--FORESTRY

Subtitle A--Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act of 1978

@@ -430,6 +493,8 @@

Sec. 8102. Forest legacy program technical correction.

Sec. 8103. State and private forest landscape-scale restoration

program.

+Sec. 8104. Rural fire prevention and control.

Subtitle B--Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003

Sec. 8201. Promoting cross-boundary wildfire mitigation.

@@ -441,14 +506,16 @@

infestations and related diseases.

Sec. 8206. Insect and disease infestation.

Sec. 8207. Stewardship end result contracting projects.

Subtitle C--Other Forestry Programs

Sec. 8301. National and regional agroforestry centers.

-Sec. 8302. National forest foundation act.

+Sec. 8302. National Forest Foundation Act.

Sec. 8303. Conveyances and leases of forest service administrative

sites.

Sec. 8304. Forest inventory and analysis.

Sec. 8305. Reforestation, nursery, and seed orchard support.

Subtitle D--Forest Management

Part I--National Forest System Management

@@ -463,6 +530,7 @@

Sec. 8407. Forest management activities on National Forest System

lands.

Sec. 8408. Suppression of wildfires.

Part II--Forest Management Activities

Sec. 8411. No additional consultation required.

@@ -477,12 +545,14 @@

Sec. 8418. Utilizing grazing for wildfire risk reduction.

Sec. 8419. Joint chiefs landscape restoration partnership program.

Sec. 8420. Tribal forest management program technical correction.

Part III--Timber Innovation

Sec. 8431. Community wood facilities program.

Sec. 8432. Wood innovation grant program.

Sec. 8433. Forest and wood products data tracker.

Sec. 8434. Biochar application demonstration project.

Subtitle E--Other Matters

Sec. 8501. Rural revitalization technologies.

@@ -498,6 +568,18 @@

System Lands.

Sec. 8510. Release of reversionary interest in Black River State

Forest.

+Sec. 8511. Doug LaMalfa Secure Rural Schools Act.

+Sec. 8512. Minor range improvements under Forest Service grazing

+permits.

+Subtitle F--White Oak Resilience

+Sec. 8601. Short title.

+Sec. 8602. White oak restoration initiative coalition.

+Sec. 8603. Forest service pilot program.

+Sec. 8604. White oak regeneration and upland oak habitat.

+Sec. 8605. Tree nursery shortages.

TITLE IX--ENERGY

Sec. 9001. Definition of advanced biofuel.

@@ -512,8 +594,13 @@

Sec. 9010. Carbon utilization and biogas education program.

Sec. 9011. Study on effects of solar panel installations on covered

farmland.

-Sec. 9012. Limitation on USDA funding for ground mounted solar systems.

+Sec. 9012. Limitation on USDA funding for ground-mounted solar energy

+systems.

Sec. 9013. Sustainable aviation fuels strategy.

+Sec. 9014. Leveraging efficiency awareness for pumping systems.

+Sec. 9015. Adding waste energy recovery to the Rural Energy for America

+Program.

TITLE X--HORTICULTURE, MARKETING, AND REGULATORY REFORM

Subtitle A--Horticulture

@@ -526,6 +613,7 @@

Sec. 10006. Pilot program for the intra-organizational movement of

genetically engineered microorganisms by

certain authorized parties.

Subtitle B--Marketing

Sec. 10101. Marketing orders.

@@ -534,6 +622,12 @@

Sec. 10104. Organic production and market data initiative.

Sec. 10105. Organic certification.

Sec. 10106. Report on procurement.

+Sec. 10107. Definitions of risk to organic integrity and oversight

+protocols.

+Sec. 10108. Modernization of inspection requirements.

+Sec. 10109. Study and reform of National Organic Program oversight

+protocols.

Subtitle C--Regulatory Reform

Part I--Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act

@@ -545,15 +639,17 @@

Sec. 10205. Uniformity of pesticide labeling requirements.

Sec. 10206. Authority of States.

Sec. 10207. Lawful use of authorized pesticides.

Part II--Other Regulatory Reform Provisions

Sec. 10211. Multiple crop and pesticide use survey.

Sec. 10212. Safe harbor for certain discharges of wildland fire

chemicals.

Sec. 10213. Office of Biotechnology Policy.

TITLE XI--CROP INSURANCE

-Sec. 11001. Specialty crop advisory committee.

+Sec. 11001. Specialty Crop Advisory Committee.

Sec. 11002. Identification of holders of substantial interests.

Sec. 11003. Actuarial soundness of certain new products.

Sec. 11004. Coverage of revenue losses.

@@ -570,6 +666,11 @@

Sec. 11014. Research and development priorities.

Sec. 11015. Report on Standard Reinsurance Agreement.

Sec. 11016. Hurricane insurance protection-wind index report.

+Sec. 11017. Risk management study for lamb.

+Sec. 11018. Study on livestock risk protection policy with respect to

+producers of feeder cattle affected by

+adverse weather events.

TITLE XII--MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

Subtitle A--Livestock and Other Animals

@@ -587,6 +688,9 @@

interstate commerce.

Sec. 12007. Report on support for livestock and poultry producers

during a foreign animal disease outbreak.

+Sec. 12008. Protection of greyhounds.

+Sec. 12009. Animal fighting.

Part II--Meat and Poultry Processing and Inspection

Sec. 12111. Amplifying Processing of Livestock in the United States (A-

@@ -596,6 +700,7 @@

and meat establishments.

Sec. 12113. Outreach on cooperative interstate shipment.

Sec. 12114. Pilot program to support custom slaughter establishments.

Subtitle B--Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994

Sec. 12201. Office of Homeland Security.

@@ -603,7 +708,7 @@

Sec. 12203. Burden of proof for national appeals division hearings.

Sec. 12204. Termination of authority.

Sec. 12205. Functions of the Office of Tribal Relations.

-Sec. 12206. Office of the Ombudsman.

Subtitle C--National Security

Sec. 12301. Agricultural foreign investment disclosure improvements.

@@ -616,6 +721,7 @@

data collection and publication.

Sec. 12305. CFIUS consideration of certain agricultural land

transactions.

Subtitle D--Other Miscellaneous Provisions

Sec. 12401. Commission on Farm Transitions--Needs for 2050.

@@ -631,9 +737,12 @@

the State of Texas that have suffered

economic losses due to the failure of

Mexico to deliver water.

-Sec. 12409. Commodity Futures Trading Commission whistleblower program.

-Sec. 12410. Qualified renewable biomass.

-Sec. 12411. Whole milk under the school breakfast program.

+Sec. 12409. Qualified renewable biomass.

+Sec. 12410. Whole milk under the school breakfast program.

+Sec. 12411. Spotted lanternfly awareness campaign.

+Sec. 12412. Rio Grande Valley agricultural water interagency working

+group.

+Sec. 12413. Cost-share grants for rollover protection structures.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

@@ -792,10 +901,13 @@

under subsection (a), the Secretary shall calculate payments based on--

``(1) the producer's sales of specialty crops for a

calendar year that precedes the year in which the adverse event

-described in such subsection occurred; multiplied by

+described in such subsection occurred or the average of such

+sales over a set of consecutive calendar years that precedes

+the year in which such adverse event occurred, as determined by

+the Secretary; multiplied by

``(2) a payment factor the Secretary determines, subject to

-the availability of appropriations, to address losses of such

-specialty crops from such adverse event.

+the availability of funds, to address losses of such specialty

+crops from such adverse event.

``(c) Special Rules.--Subject to subsection (d), in providing

direct assistance pursuant to this section, the Secretary shall

consider--

@@ -811,7 +923,7 @@

received, directly or indirectly, by a person or legal

entity (except a qualified pass-through entity) (as

such terms are defined in section 1001(a) of the Food

-Security Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 1308(a)) for any crop

+Security Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 1308(a))) for any crop

year under this section may not exceed the amount

specified in subsection (b) of section 1001 of the Food

Security Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 1308), as adjusted

@@ -846,8 +958,9 @@

SEC. 1004. ASSISTANCE IN THE FORM OF BLOCK GRANTS.

-(a) In General.--Subtitle E of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7

-U.S.C. 9081 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

+(a) In General.--Subtitle E of title I of the Agricultural Act of

+2014 (7 U.S.C. 9081 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the

+following:

``SEC. 1502. ASSISTANCE IN THE FORM OF BLOCK GRANTS.

@@ -899,7 +1012,7 @@

(B) in paragraph (2)(A), by inserting ``products

and'' after ``those'';

(2) in subsection (c)(3)(B), by inserting ``, subject to

-subsection (b)(1),'' after ``information''; and

+subsection (b)(1),'' after ``of information'';

(3) in subsection (d)--

(A) in the subsection heading, by striking

``Electronic Reporting'' and inserting ``Reporting'';

@@ -908,18 +1021,23 @@

``Electronic reporting'' and inserting

``Reporting''; and

(ii) by striking ``this section'' and

-inserting in its place ``subparagraphs (A) and

-(B) of subsection (b)(1)'';

+inserting ``subparagraphs (A) and (B) of

+subsection (b)(1)'';

-and inserting in its place ``subparagraphs (A) and (B)

-of subsection (b)(1)''; and

+and inserting ``subparagraphs (A) and (B) of subsection

+(b)(1)''; and

(D) by adding at the end the following:

-``(3) Dairy product processing costs.--Not later than 3

+``(3) Dairy product processing costs.--Not later than 2

years after the date of enactment of this paragraph, and every

2 years thereafter, the Secretary shall publish a report

containing the information obtained under subparagraph (C) of

subsection (b)(1), subject to the conditions described in

-subsection (b)(2).''.

+subsection (b)(2).'';

+(4) by redesignating subsection (e) as subsection (f); and

+(5) by adding after subsection (d) the following:

+``(e) Regulation.--Any actions taken by the Secretary under this

+section shall not be subject to review under Executive Order 12866 (58

+Fed. Reg. 51735) or any successor order.''.

SEC. 1007. DAIRY REPORTS.

@@ -1038,6 +1156,13 @@

Agricultural Improvement and Reform Act of 1996

(7 U.S.C. 7272).''.

+SEC. 1012. RESTORATION OF TOBACCO AS AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY IN

+COMMODITY CREDIT CORPORATION CHARTER ACT.

+Section 5 of the Commodity Credit Corporation Charter Act (15

+U.S.C. 714c) is amended by striking ``(other than tobacco)'' each place

+such term appears.

TITLE II--CONSERVATION

Subtitle A--Definitions

@@ -1052,8 +1177,8 @@

(2) in paragraph (14), by striking ``term `Indian tribe'

has the meaning given the term'' and inserting ``terms `Indian

tribe' and `Indian Tribe' have the meaning given those terms'';

-(3) by redesignating paragraph (20) through (27) as

-paragraphs (22) through (29), respectively; and

+(3) by redesignating paragraphs (20) through (27) as

+paragraphs (22) through (29), respectively;

(4) by inserting after paragraph (19) the following:

``(20) Precision agriculture.--The term `precision

agriculture' means managing, tracking, or reducing crop or

@@ -1088,7 +1213,12 @@

or improved efficiency of, the use of crop or livestock

production inputs, which may include seed, feed,

fertilizer, soil amendments, chemicals, water, and

-time.''.

+time.''; and

+(5) by adding at the end the following:

+``(30) Wildlife habitat connectivity.--The term `wildlife

+habitat connectivity' means the degree to which landscape or

+habitat elements facilitate native species movement among

+seasonal habitats.''.

SEC. 2002. MITIGATION BANKING.

@@ -1131,7 +1261,7 @@

of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3831(d)(6)(B)) is

amended to read as follows:

``(B) Limitation.--For purposes of applying the

-limitations in paragraph (a), the Secretary shall, to

+limitations in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall, to

the maximum extent practicable, enroll and maintain not

fewer than 8,600,000 acres of land under subparagraph

(A) by September 30, 2031.''.

@@ -1153,12 +1283,16 @@

SEC. 2202. ESTABLISHMENT AND ADMINISTRATION.

(a) Payments.--

-(1) Other payments.--Section 1240B(d)(6) of the Food

+(1) Special rule involving payments for foregone income.--

+Section 1240B(d)(3)(F) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16

+U.S.C. 3839aa-2(d)(3)(F)) is amended by inserting ``and

+wildlife habitat connectivity'' before ``; or''.

+(2) Other payments.--Section 1240B(d)(6) of the Food

Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa-2(d)(6)) is amended--

(A) by striking ``A producer shall'' and inserting

the following:

-``(A) Payments under this subtitle.--A producer

-shall''; and

+``(A) Payments under this subtitle.--Except as

+provided in paragraph (9), a producer shall''; and

(B) by adding at the end the following:

``(B) Conservation loan and loan guarantee program

payments.--

@@ -1175,21 +1309,25 @@

304 of the Consolidated Farm and Rural

Development Act as it relates to costs of

implementing practices under this program.''.

-(2) Increased payments for high-priority practices.--

+(3) Increased payments for high-priority practices.--

Section 1240B(d)(7) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C.

3839aa-2(d)(7)) is amended--

-(A) in the paragraph heading, by inserting ``State-

+(A) in the paragraph heading, by inserting ``state-

determined'' before ``high-priority''; and

(B) in subparagraph (A)--

(i) in clause (iii), by striking ``or'' at

the end;

(ii) in clause (iv), by striking the period

-at the end and inserting ``; or''; and

+at the end and inserting a semicolon; and

(iii) by adding at the end the following:

-``(v) increases carbon sequestration or

+``(v) addresses the conservation and

+restoration of wildlife habitat, including

+wildlife habitat connectivity and wildlife

+migration corridors; or

+``(vi) increases carbon sequestration or

reduces greenhouse gas emissions, including

emissions of methane and nitrous oxide.''.

-(3) Increased payments for precision agriculture.--Section

+(4) Increased payments for precision agriculture.--Section

1240B(d) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa-

2(d)) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``(8) Increased payments for precision agriculture

@@ -1199,11 +1337,31 @@

the costs associated with adopting precision agriculture

practices and acquiring precision agriculture technology for

the purpose of implementing conservation practices.''.

+(5) Cost-share payments for grassland.--Section 1240B(d) of

+the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa-2(d)) is

+further amended by adding at the end the following:

+``(9) Cost-share payments for grassland enrolled in the

+conservation reserve program.--

+``(A) In general.--The Secretary may provide

+payments under the program for costs associated with

+planning, design, materials, equipment, installation,

+labor, management, maintenance, or training, for the

+purpose of a wildlife corridor, with respect to

+eligible land that is--

+``(i) enrolled in the conservation reserve

+program under section 1231(d)(2)(A); and

+``(ii) of ecological significance, as

+described in section 1231(d)(2)(B)(iii).

+``(B) Limitation.--A producer shall not be eligible

+for payments under subparagraph (A) for a practice if

+the producer receives payments or other benefits for

+the same practice on the same land under this title.''.

(b) Allocation of Funding.--Section 1240B(f)(1) of the Food

Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa-2(f)(1)) is amended by striking

``2023'' and inserting ``2031''.

-1240B(h)(1) is amended--

+1240B(h)(1) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa-2(h)(1))

+is amended--

(1) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``; or'' and inserting

a semicolon;

(2) in subparagraph (C), by striking the period and

@@ -1253,7 +1411,8 @@

SEC. 2204. CONSERVATION INNOVATION GRANTS AND PAYMENTS.

(a) Competitive Grants for Innovative Conservation Approaches.--

-Section 1240H(a) is amended--

+Section 1240H(a) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa-

+8(a)) is amended--

(1) by amending paragraph (1) to read as follows:

``(1) Grants.--Out of the funds made available to carry out

this subchapter, the Secretary may award competitive grants

@@ -1297,7 +1456,40 @@

Subtitle D--Conservation Stewardship Program

-SEC. 2301. DUTIES OF THE SECRETARY.

+SEC. 2301. CONSERVATION STEWARDSHIP PROGRAM.

+Section 1240J(b) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C.

+3839aa-22(b)) is amended--

+(1) in paragraph (1), in the matter preceding subparagraph

+(A), by inserting ``and except as provided in paragraph (3),''

+after ``paragraph (2),''; and

+(2) by adding at the end the following:

+``(3) Cost-share payments for grassland enrolled in the

+conservation reserve program.--

+``(A) In general.--The Secretary may provide

+payments under the program for costs associated with

+planning, design, materials, equipment, installation,

+labor, management, maintenance, or training, for the

+purpose of a wildlife corridor, with respect to

+eligible land that is--

+``(i) enrolled in the conservation reserve

+program under section 1231(d)(2)(A); and

+``(ii) of ecological significance, as

+described in section 1231(d)(2)(B)(iii).

+``(B) Limitation.--A producer shall not be eligible

+for payments under subparagraph (A) for a conservation

+activity if the producer receives payments or other

+benefits for the same conservation activity on the same

+land under this title.

+``(C) Emergency grazing and haying access

+preserved.--No priority resource concern, practice, or

+incentive pertaining to restoration and enhancement of

+wildlife habitat connectivity and wildlife migration

+corridors on the acres described above will prevent or

+alter emergency grazing and haying access for grassland

+acres enrolled in the conservation reserve program.''.

+SEC. 2302. DUTIES OF THE SECRETARY.

(a) Conservation Stewardship Payments.--Section 1240L(c) of the

Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa-24(c)) is amended--

@@ -1329,7 +1521,7 @@

of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa-24(f)) is amended by striking ``2019 through

2023'' and inserting ``2027 through 2031''.

-SEC. 2302. STATE ASSISTANCE FOR SOIL HEALTH.

+SEC. 2303. STATE ASSISTANCE FOR SOIL HEALTH.

Subchapter B of chapter 4 of subtitle D of title XII of the Food

Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa-21 et seq.) is amended by adding

@@ -1438,8 +1630,9 @@

SEC. 2402. FERAL SWINE ERADICATION AND CONTROL PROGRAM.

(a) Feral Swine Eradication and Control Program.--Chapter 5 of

-subtitle D of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839bb et seq.)

-is amended by inserting after section 1240M the following:

+subtitle D of title XII of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C.

+3839bb et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 1240M the

+following:

``SEC. 1240N. FERAL SWINE ERADICATION AND CONTROL PROGRAM.

@@ -1498,7 +1691,8 @@

``(3) Limitation on administrative expenses.--Not more than

10 percent of funds made available under this section may be

used for administrative expenses of the program.

-``(h) Coordination and Cooperation With a Land Grant University.--

+``(h) Coordination and Cooperation With a Land-grant College or

+University.--

``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall direct the Natural

Resources Conservation Service and the Animal and Plant Health

Inspection Service to enter into a contract with 1 or more

@@ -1669,7 +1863,7 @@

(1) in subsection (b)--

(A) in the subsection heading, by inserting ``and

Other Emergency Conservation Measures'' after

-``Fencing''; and

+``Fencing'';

(B) by amending paragraph (1) to read as follows:

``(1) In general.--With respect to a payment to an

agricultural producer under subsection (a) for the repair or

@@ -1686,6 +1880,11 @@

than 50 percent of the payment for such repair, which

shall be based on the fair market value of the repair,

as determined by the Secretary.''; and

+(C) by adding at the end the following:

+``(3) New or emerging technologies.--Repair or replacement

+of fencing under this section may include updating of fencing

+to new or emerging technology if such updating does not

+increase the cost of the repair or replacement.''; and

(2) by adding at the end the following:

``(c) Wildfires.--A wildfire that causes damage with respect to

which a payment may be made under subsection (a) includes any wildfire

@@ -1699,7 +1898,8 @@

Credit Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 2203(b)) is amended--

(1) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as paragraphs

(5) and (6), respectively;

-(2) by inserting after the subsection header the following:

+(2) by inserting before paragraph (5), as so redesignated,

+the following:

``(1) Easement restoration.--The Secretary is authorized to

restore appropriate vegetative cover, hydrological functions,

and other functions and values of the land subject to a

@@ -1761,6 +1961,15 @@

effects of flooding and flood risk within and across

watersheds, and recommendations for additional practices and

initiatives to further address such effects and risk.

+SEC. 2407. STUDY ON ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS OF WINTER WHEAT AS A COVER

+CROP.

+The Secretary, acting through the Chief of the Natural Resources

+Conservation Service, shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of

+the House of Representatives the results of a study on the

+environmental benefits of using winter wheat as a cover crop, including

+use as a cover crop that is removed during harvest.

Subtitle F--Funding and Administration

@@ -1813,8 +2022,10 @@

chapter 1 of such subtitle), subtitle H, subtitle I, or

subtitle J;'';

(B) in subparagraph (B), by striking the semicolon

-and inserting ``; or''; and

-(C) by striking subparagraph (C).

+and inserting ``; or'';

+(C) by striking subparagraph (C); and

+(D) by redesignating subparagraph (D) as

+subparagraph (C).

(d) Report on Program Enrollments and Assistance.--Section 1241(i)

of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3841(i)) is amended--

(1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking

@@ -2252,6 +2463,26 @@

the Secretary; and

``(B) meets qualification standards established by

the Office of Personnel Management.''.

+(h) Addressing Barriers to Wildlife Habitat Connectivity.--Section

+1242 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3842) is further

+amended by adding at the end the following:

+``(k) Addressing Barriers to Wildlife Habitat Connectivity.--

+``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall--

+``(A) to the maximum extent practicable, fully

+incorporate nonstructural methods to control livestock

+distribution, such as virtual fencing, into the

+conservation practice standards; and

+``(B) provide for the appropriate range of

+conservation practices and resource mitigation measures

+available to landowners using nonstructural methods

+described in subparagraph (A).

+``(2) Availability of adequate technical assistance.--The

+Secretary shall ensure that adequate technical assistance is

+available for the implementation of--

+``(A) nonstructural methods described in paragraph

+(1)(A); and

+``(B) other practices that support wildlife habitat

+connectivity through Federal conservation programs.''.

SEC. 2503. ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS FOR CONSERVATION PROGRAMS.

@@ -4113,7 +4344,7 @@

(1) in subsection (e)(1), by striking ``2023'' and

inserting ``2031''; and

(2) by adding at the end the following new subsection:

-``(f) Minimum Levels of Funding to Address Child Wasting.--

+``(f) Minimum Levels of Funding To Address Child Wasting.--

``(1) Minimum level.--For each of fiscal years 2027 through

2031, in addition to amounts otherwise made available, not less

than $200,000,000 of the amounts made available to carry out

@@ -4185,7 +4416,7 @@

``(A) In general.--As part of the program

established under this subsection, the Secretary shall

enter into contracts or other agreements, with eligible

-trade organizations or with non-profit organizations

+trade organizations or with nonprofit organizations

with expertise in supply chain infrastructure, to

provide needs assessments, training, and other

technical assistance to enhance the capabilities of

@@ -4220,7 +4451,7 @@

``(I) tariffs (including

retaliatory tariffs) or quotas

(including tariff-rate quotas); and

-``(II) non-tariff barriers,

+``(II) nontariff barriers,

including technical barriers to trade,

sanitary and phytosanitary measures,

import licensing procedures, and

@@ -4463,7 +4694,7 @@

``(vii) prohibits or disallows the use of a

name determined or considered to be a common

name pursuant to paragraph (2).''.

-(b) Negotiations to Defend Use of Common Names.--Title III of the

+(b) Negotiations To Defend Use of Common Names.--Title III of the

Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5652 et seq.) is amended by

adding at the end the following:

@@ -4545,7 +4776,8 @@

(A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``2023'' and

inserting ``2031''; and

(B) in the heading of paragraph (4), by striking

-``humanitarian or'';

+``Humanitarian or development'' and inserting

+``Development'';

(6) in subsection (m)(2), by striking ``humanitarian and'';

and

(7) in subsection (n)(2)(C), by striking ``Committee on

@@ -4591,13 +4823,14 @@

participating host country for not fewer than 3 consecutive

years; and

``(2) ensure that contracts awarded to outside

-organizations are multi-year.''.

+organizations are multiyear.''.

SEC. 3306. INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURE CULTURAL IMMERSION AND EXCHANGE

PROGRAM.

Title III of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 (Public Law

-115-334) is amended by adding at the end the following new section:

+115-334) is amended by adding at the end the following new section (and

+by conforming the table of contents in section 1(b) accordingly):

``SEC. 3313. INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURE CULTURAL IMMERSION AND EXCHANGE

PROGRAM.

@@ -4668,7 +4901,7 @@

Section 3107 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002

(7 U.S.C. 1736o-1) is amended--

-(1) in subsection (c)(2)(B)(ii), by inserting ``or lower-

+(1) in subsection (c)(2)(B)(ii), by inserting ``or lower

middle'' before ``income'';

(2) in subsection (h)(2), by striking ``Committee on

International Relations'' and inserting ``Committee on Foreign

@@ -4695,8 +4928,9 @@

``Trust''; and

(B) by striking ``2023'' and inserting ``2031'';

and

-(3) in subsection (c), by striking ``2023'' and inserting

-``2031''.

+(3) in subsection (c), by striking ``fiscal years 2014

+through 2023'' and inserting ``fiscal years 2023 through

+2031''.

SEC. 3310. LOCAL AND REGIONAL FOOD AID PROCUREMENT PROJECTS.

@@ -4724,8 +4958,8 @@

complainants or primary complainants on disputes that

are systemically or economically important to the

United States; and

-(D) report quarterly to Congress on progress

-towards resolving cases or filing disputes.

+(D) report quarterly to Congress on progress toward

+resolving cases or filing disputes.

(2) Consultation.--In carrying out its duties under this

subsection, the Task Force shall regularly consult, to the

extent necessary and appropriate, with the following:

@@ -4773,7 +5007,7 @@

information that is required.

(D) The current status of ongoing disputes at the

WTO and implementation of panel, arbitration, or

-Appellate Body decisions.

+appellate body decisions.

(3) Additional matters to be included in initial report.--

The initial report required by this subsection shall, in

addition to the matters described in subparagraphs (A), (B),

@@ -4823,10 +5057,114 @@

under bilateral or multilateral trade agreements.

term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--

-(1) the Committee on Agriculture of the House of

-Representatives; and

+(1) the Committee on Agriculture and the Committee on

+Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives; and

(2) the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry

-of the Senate.

+and the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of

+the Senate.

+Subtitle D--Other Trade Matters

+SEC. 3401. REPORT ON MODIFICATIONS TO USMCA.

+(a) Report Required.--The Secretary of Agriculture, in coordination

+with the United States Trade Representative, shall submit to the

+appropriate congressional committees and concurrently make publicly

+available, prior to July 1, 2026, a report on how any expected or

+implemented modification or revocation of any part of the USMCA (as

+such term is defined in section 3 of the United States-Mexico-Canada

+Agreement Implementation Act (19 U.S.C. 4502(9))) in any manner will

+affect the importation or exportation of any article that is a covered

+agricultural commodity, including--

+(1) the anticipated effects on relevant product prices and

+projections as a result of such revocation or modification,

+including--

+(A) the short- and long-term impacts on domestic

+pricing;

+(B) changes in consumer food prices;

+(C) expected or anticipated shifts in input costs

+for domestic producers; and

+(D) regional or sector-specific variations in

+pricing impacts; and

+(2) the forecasted shifts in farm revenue and profitability

+for domestic farmers, foresters, ranchers, and other producers

+as a result of such revocation or modification, including--

+(A) impacts on net farm income and debt-to-asset

+ratios;

+(B) sector-specific effects on crops, livestock,

+and specialty crops;

+(C) effects on small, medium, and large farm

+operations;

+(D) impacts on agricultural exports, market access,

+and global competitiveness; and

+(E) estimated effects on rural employment and

+economies.

+(b) Definitions.--In this section:

+(1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term

+``appropriate congressional committees'' means--

+(A) the Committee on Agriculture, the Committee on

+Ways and Means, and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of

+the House of Representatives; and

+(B) the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and

+Forestry, the Committee on Finance, and the Committee

+on Foreign Relations of the Senate.

+(2) Covered agricultural commodity.--The term ``covered

+agricultural commodity'' has the meaning given the term

+``agricultural commodity'' under section 102(1) of the

+Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5602(1)).

+SEC. 3402. SENSE OF CONGRESS AND REPORT ON ARGENTINE BEEF IMPORTS.

+(a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress as follows:

+(1) Congress finds that United States ranchers and cattle

+producers produce the healthiest and highest quality beef on

+the planet.

+(2) Any official trade agreement between the United States

+and Argentina--including the United States of America--

+Argentine Republic Agreement on Reciprocal Trade and

+Investment--that allow Argentina to export ship fresh and

+frozen beef into the United States market under expanded quotas

+is detrimental to domestic ranchers, cattle producers, and

+cattle markets.

+(3) Congress recognizes that many Americans enjoy eating

+beef and recognizes that many Americans want their beef raised

+domestically.

+(4) Congress further concludes that any agreement to allow

+increased beef from Argentina into United States markets

+introduces unfair competition into an already volatile market

+as this imported beef could depress cattle prices at United

+States sale barns and have a ripple effect throughout the

+domestic economy affecting feed suppliers, equipment dealers,

+veterinarians, and other rural businesses.

+(5) Congress additionally concludes that United States beef

+production is the safest in the world and that inconsistent

+enforcement abroad could put American consumers at risk and

+create an uneven regulatory playing field.

+(b) Report.--

+(1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date on

+which the United States signs any formal trade agreement with

+Argentina that includes a change to the tariff rate quotas or

+other duties on fresh and frozen beef imported from Argentina

+the Secretary of Agriculture and the United States Trade

+Representative shall jointly submit to the appropriate

+congressional committees a report on the effect of such

+imported beef on domestic beef and cattle markets, including--

+(A) American consumer sentiment about the quality

+of beef in the United States;

+(B) impacts on domestic cattle prices;

+(C) effects on domestic beef prices;

+(D) changes to the domestic cattle herd size; and

+(E) rancher sentiments toward expanding their

+herds.

+(2) Appropriate congressional committees defined.--In this

+section, the term ``appropriate congressional committees''

+means--

+(A) the Committee on Agriculture, the Committee on

+Ways and Means, and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of

+the House of Representatives; and

+(B) the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and

+Forestry, the Committee on Finance, and the Committee

+on Foreign Relations of the Senate.

TITLE IV--NUTRITION

@@ -4860,12 +5198,13 @@

SEC. 4102. PROHIBITED FEES.

Section 7(h)(13)(B) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C.

-2016(h)(13)(B)) is amended by striking ``2023'' and inserting ``2031''.

+2016(h)(13)(B)) is amended by striking ``Effective through fiscal year

+2023, neither'' and inserting ``Neither''.

SEC. 4103. SNAP STAFFING FLEXIBILITY.

-Section 11 of the Food and Nutrition Act (7 U.S.C. 2020) is amended

-by adding at the end the following:

+Section 11 of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2020) is

+amended by adding at the end the following:

``(y) SNAP Staffing Flexibility.--

``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding section 11(e)(6)(B), a

State agency (as defined in section 3 of the Food and Nutrition

@@ -4957,9 +5296,9 @@

SEC. 4104. UPDATES TO ADMINISTRATIVE PROCESSES FOR SNAP RETAILERS.

-The 2d sentence of section 9(d) of the Food and Nutrition Act is

-amended by inserting ", on two consecutive occasions within a 3 year

-period," after "does not meet".

+The 2d sentence of section 9(d) of the Food and Nutrition Act of

+2008 is amended by inserting ``, on two consecutive occasions within a

+3-year-period,'' after ``does not meet''.

SEC. 4105. REPORT ON ALL IDENTIFIED PAYMENT ERRORS.

@@ -5037,7 +5376,7 @@

regulations and guidance as may be necessary to carry out

paragraph (1), including provisions related to program

integrity, consumer protections, and equitable access in rural

-areas. Such regulations shall be issued not later than 1 year

+areas. Such regulations shall be issued not later than 2 years

after the effective date of this subsection.

``(3) Stakeholder consultation.--The Secretary shall

establish a formal process for consultation with State

@@ -5061,6 +5400,15 @@

Program.--Section 27(a)(1) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7

U.S.C. 2036(a)(1)) is amended by striking ``2023'' and inserting

``2031''.

+(c) Option for Purchasing Through DoD Fresh.--Section 214(c) of the

+Emergency Food Assistance Act of 1983 (7 U.S.C. 7515(c)) is amended by

+adding at the end the following:

+``(3) Option for purchasing through dod fresh.--At the

+request of a State agency, the Secretary may allow the State

+agency to use not more than 20 percent of the cost of the

+commodities allocated to that State agency under this section

+to order commodities through the Department of Defense Fresh

+Fruit and Vegetable Program.''.

SEC. 4113. FOOD DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM ON INDIAN RESERVATIONS.

@@ -5162,8 +5510,8 @@

successor regulations).

``(B) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity'

means--

-``(i) a local agency;

-``(ii) a subdistributing agency;

+``(i) a local agency; or

+``(ii) a subdistributing agency.

``(C) Rural area.--The term `rural area' has the

meaning given such term in section 343(a) of the

Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 U.S.C.

@@ -5234,7 +5582,7 @@

of the Tribal organization; and

(iii) meet any other criteria determined by

the Secretary, in consultation with the

-Secretary of the Interior and Indian tribes.

+Secretary of the Interior and Indian Tribes.

(4) Procurement of agricultural commodities.--Any

agricultural commodities purchased by a Tribal organization

under the demonstration project shall--

@@ -5267,7 +5615,7 @@

appropriated under subparagraph (A) in advance

specifically to carry out this subsection shall be

available to carry out this subsection.

-(b) Administration of Tribal Self-determination Contracts.--

+(b) Administration of Tribal Self-Determination Contracts.--

(1) Administration.--The Secretary shall appoint an

existing office of the United States Department of Agriculture

to administer Tribal self-determination contracts to include

@@ -5419,19 +5767,28 @@

Section 4208 of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 (7 U.S.C.

2026a) is amended--

(1) in the section heading, by striking ``healthy fluid

-milk'' and inserting ``dairy nutrition'';

+milk'' and inserting ``dairy nutrition'' (and by conforming the

+item of such section in the table of contents accordingly);

(2) by striking ``healthy fluid milk'' and inserting

``dairy nutrition'' each place it appears;

(3) by amending subsection (a) to read as follows:

``(a) Definitions.--In this section:

``(1) Covered dairy products.--The term `covered dairy

-products' means cheese (including non-standardized cheese) that

-is--

-``(A) made from pasteurized cow's milk;

-``(B) a good source of protein, as determined by

-the Secretary; and

-``(C) sold as a block, chunk, shred, slice, stick,

-string, or in snack-size form.

+products' means--

+``(A) cheese (including nonstandardized cheese)

+that is--

+``(i) made from pasteurized cow's milk;

+``(ii) a good source of protein, as

+determined by the Secretary; and

+``(iii) sold as a block, chunk, shred,

+slice, stick, string or in snack-size form; and

+``(B) yogurt (or other cultured dairy product)

+that--

+``(i) is made from pasteurized cow's milk;

+``(ii) is a good source of protein, as

+determined by the Secretary; and

+``(iii) contains limited amounts of added

+sugars.

``(2) Fluid milk.--The term `fluid milk' means all

varieties of pasteurized cow's milk that--

``(A) is packaged in liquid form; and

@@ -5497,15 +5854,15 @@

monitoring throughout the life cycle of the cooperative agreement.

(e) Amount of Allocation.--Of the amounts made available to carry

out this section for each fiscal year, the Secretary shall--

-(1) allocate 10 percent to Tribal governments, to be

+(1) allocate 10 percent to Tribal Governments, to be

allocated using a funding formula determined by the Secretary;

and

(2) of the amounts remaining after making the allocation

under paragraph (1), allocate 1 percent to each State (other

-than Tribal governments); and

+than Tribal Governments); and

(3) after making the allocations under paragraphs (1) and

(2), allocate the remaining amounts to each eligible entity

-(other than Tribal governments) by applying the formula

+(other than Tribal Governments) by applying the formula

described in section 214 of the Emergency Food Assistance Act

of 1983 (7 U.S.C. 7515).

(f) Funding.--There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out

@@ -5527,7 +5884,7 @@

State agency, commission, or department that is responsible for

agriculture, procurement, food distribution, emergency

response, or other similar activities within the State.

-(4) Mid-size producer.--The term ``medium-sized producer''

+(4) Mid-size producer.--The term ``mid-sized producer''

means an individual whose annual gross cash farm income is

equal to or exceeds $350,000 and is less than $999,999.

(5) Small-size producer.--The term ``small-sized producer''

@@ -5634,7 +5991,7 @@

Secretaries, 2 of whom shall not be Federal

employees; and

``(ii) 1 may be appointed by each of the

-highest-ranking Member of Congress on each

+highest ranking Member of Congress on each

Committee described in paragraph (4)(A) of the

opposite political party of the President of

the United States at the time of the

@@ -5676,7 +6033,7 @@

ethnicity, culture, or regulations relating to nutrition.'';

and

(5) by adding at the end the following:

-``(8) Evidence based review.--

+``(8) Evidence-based review.--

``(A) Definition.--In this paragraph, the term

`evidence-based review' means a process under which--

``(i) the totality of the scientific

@@ -5687,7 +6044,7 @@

standardized, generally accepted evidence-based

review methods; and

``(iii) external peer review is conducted

-by non-government experts with recognized

+by nongovernment experts with recognized

expertise in quality of evidence evaluation.

``(B) Strength of evidence.--Each guideline

contained in a report published under paragraph (1)

@@ -5756,8 +6113,8 @@

be considered to meet the operator requirement of

paragraph (1).

``(B) Eligibility of certain operating-only

-entities.-- An applicant that is or will become only

-the operator of farm real estate acquired, improved, or

+entities.--An applicant that is or will become only the

+operator of farm real estate acquired, improved, or

supported with funds under this subtitle shall be

considered to meet the owner-operator requirements of

paragraph (1) if 1 or more of the individuals who is an

@@ -5797,7 +6154,7 @@

``(ix) met any other criteria established

by the Secretary; or''; and

(B) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``3-year'' and

-inserting ``2- year''.

+inserting ``2-year''.

SEC. 5103. REFINANCING OF INDEBTEDNESS INTO DIRECT LOANS.

@@ -5815,8 +6172,8 @@

refinanced into a direct loan pursuant to this

subsection only if the Secretary determines that--

``(i) the guaranteed loan is distressed due

-to its status as a non-performing loan that

-does not have a positive cash flow at rates and

+to its status as a nonperforming loan that does

+not have a positive cash flow at rates and

terms available from the lender;

``(ii) the borrower on the guaranteed loan

is in monetary default and subject to

@@ -6137,7 +6494,7 @@

appropriated to the Secretary $60,000,000 for each of fiscal

years 2027 through 2031.''.

-Program to Resolve Ownership and Succession on Farmland.--Section

+Program To Resolve Ownership and Succession on Farmland.--Section

310I(g) of such Act, as so redesignated by subsection (b) of this

section, is amended by striking ``Not later than 1 year after the date

of enactment of this section, the Secretary shall'' and inserting ``The

@@ -6205,19 +6562,19 @@

program to establish an expedited qualification and approval process

for borrowers seeking--

``(1) a direct farm ownership loan under this Act; or

-``(2) a bridge loan guaranteed by the Secretary under this

-Act that is serviced by a Preferred Certified Lender under

-section 339(d) and provided to a creditworthy borrower, as

-determined by the Preferred Certified Lender.

+``(2) a guaranteed farm ownership loan under this Act that

+is serviced by a Preferred Certified Lender under section

+339(d) and provided to a creditworthy borrower, as determined

+by the Preferred Certified Lender.

``(b) Loan Assessments.--In carrying out this section, the

Secretary shall consider streamlining the process for making--

``(1) determinations necessary to make the certifications

and assessments referred to in section 339(c)(5); and

``(2) determinations under section 360(b).

-``(c) Rule of Interpretation.--This section shall not be

-interpreted to authorize the waiver or modification of any requirement,

-other than an application process timing requirement, imposed by or

-under this Act.

+``(c) Rule of Interpretation.--Except as otherwise provided in

+subsections (a) and (b), this section shall not be interpreted to

+authorize the waiver or modification of any requirement, other than an

+application process timing requirement, imposed by or under this Act.

``(d) Report.--Within 1 year after the date of the enactment of

this section, and annually thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to

the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the

@@ -6230,8 +6587,9 @@

1994(b)(2)) is amended--

(1) in subparagraph (A)(i)(II), by inserting ``, to the

extent practicable'' after ``April 1 of the fiscal year'';

-(2) in subparagraph (A)(iii), by inserting ``,to the extent

-practicable'' after ``September 1 of the fiscal year''; and

+(2) in subparagraph (A)(iii), by inserting ``, to the

+extent practicable'' after ``September 1 of the fiscal year'';

+and

(3) in subparagraph (B)(iii), in the text, by inserting ``,

to the extent practicable'' after ``April 1 of the fiscal

year''.

@@ -6417,24 +6775,22 @@

banks'';

(3) striking ``For purposes'' and inserting ``(3) For

purposes'';

-(4) in subparagraph (B) (as so redesignated), by inserting

-``, or in the case of such loans, commitments, and assistance

-that are guaranteed, the term `rural area' means an area

-described in section 343(a)(13)(A) of the Consolidated Farm and

-Rural Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1991(a)(13)(A))'' before the

-period at the end; and

+(4) in paragraph (3) (as so redesignated), by inserting ``,

+or in the case of such loans, commitments, and assistance that

+are guaranteed, the term `rural area' means an area described

+in section 343(a)(13)(A) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural

+Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1991(a)(13)(A))'' before the period

+at the end; and

(5) by inserting after paragraph (1) (as so redesignated)

the following:

-``(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), a bank for

-cooperatives may make and participate in loans and commitments

-and provide technical and other financial assistance to

-cooperatives and any other public or private entity (except for

-the Federal Government) for the purpose of installing,

-maintaining, expanding, improving, or operating facilities in a

-rural area for the processing or disposal of waste from any

-source, the provision of telecommunication services, and

-producing electricity from any source for use or sale by the

-borrower.''.

+``(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), a bank for cooperatives may

+make and participate in loans and commitments and provide technical and

+other financial assistance to cooperatives and any other public or

+private entity (except for the Federal Government) for the purpose of

+installing, maintaining, expanding, improving, or operating facilities

+in a rural area for the processing or disposal of waste from any

+source, the provision of telecommunication services, and producing

+electricity from any source for use or sale by the borrower.''.

SEC. 5504. FARM CREDIT SYSTEM REGULATION.

@@ -6446,7 +6802,10 @@

``(a) The Farm Credit Administration shall be the sole and

independent regulator of the Farm Credit System with respect to

activities subject to this Act.

-``(b) A law enacted or rule promulgated after the date of the

+``(b) Nothing in this section shall limit or affect any regulatory

+or other authority granted to the Farm Credit System Insurance

+Corporation under this Act.

+``(c) A law enacted or rule promulgated after the date of the

enactment of this section shall not be held to modify or supersede the

exclusive authority provided by subsection (a), except to the extent

that the enacted law does so expressly.''.

@@ -6587,13 +6946,11 @@

it appears and inserting ``Farm Service Agency'':

(A) Section 309(g)(1) (7 U.S.C. 1929(g)(1)).

(B) Section 331A(a) (7 U.S.C. 1981a(a)).

-(C) Section 333A(a)(2)(B) (7 U.S.C.

-1983a(a)(2)(B)).

-(D) Section 333A(e)(1) (7 U.S.C. 1983a(e)(1)).

-(E) Section 335(d) (7 U.S.C. 1985(d)).

-(F) Section 353A (7 U.S.C. 2001a).

-(G) Section 349(e)(1)(B) (7 U.S.C. 1997(e)(1)(B)).

-(H) Section 361 (7 U.S.C. 2006c).

+(C) Section 333A(e)(1) (7 U.S.C. 1983a(e)(1)).

+(D) Section 335(d) (7 U.S.C. 1985(d)).

+(E) Section 353A (7 U.S.C. 2001a).

+(F) Section 349(e)(1)(B) (7 U.S.C. 1997(e)(1)(B)).

+(G) Section 361 (7 U.S.C. 2006c).

(d) Section 335(c)(1) of such Act (7 U.S.C. 1985(c)(1)) is

amended--

(1) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``15'' and inserting

@@ -6639,7 +6996,7 @@

Beginning Farmers.--Section 343(a)(11)(C) of such Act (7 U.S.C.

1991(a)(11)(C)) is amended by striking ``related to one another by

blood or marriage'' and inserting ``qualified beginning farmers''.

-(j) Updating of Provisions to Reflect Repurposing of Conservation

+(j) Updating of Provisions To Reflect Repurposing of Conservation

Loan Provisions.--

(1) Section 303(a) of such Act (7 U.S.C. 1923(a)) is

amended in each of paragraphs (1)(D) and (2)(D) by striking

@@ -6704,6 +7061,63 @@

8.8(a)(3) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 2279aa-8(a)(3)) is

amended by striking ``Mortgage loans'' and inserting ``Loan quality''.

+SEC. 5509. REPORT ON IMPROVING CREDITWORTHINESS OF DIRECT AND

+GUARANTEED LOAN BORROWERS.

+(a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment

+of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture

+of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture,

+Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report evaluating the

+feasibility of requiring the adoption of certain risk management

+practices as a condition for approving certain direct and guaranteed

+farm loans.

+(b) Requirement.--In the report under subsection (a), the Secretary

+shall evaluate the feasibility of requiring, as a condition for

+approving certain direct and guaranteed farm loans, the adoption of 1

+or more of the following risk management practices:

+(1) Hedging and marketing price or revenue risk management

+strategies.

+(2) Insurance coverage optimization or coordination.

+(3) Periodic financial reporting or financial management

+practices.

+(4) Cash management services to facilitate timely

+disbursement of funds and structured collection of operating

+revenues.

+(5) The use of integrated monitoring and analytics tools to

+align risk management and financial decisions with observed

+environmental and production conditions.

+(6) Other risk mitigation practices as determined by the

+Secretary.

+(7) Voluntary lender incentives to promote integrated risk

+management support without increasing costs or burdens for

+applicants.

+(c) Certification.--In completing the report under subsection (a),

+the Secretary shall also evaluate the feasibility of establishing a

+certification program that identifies loans approved contingent on the

+adoption of enhanced risk management practices, including through

+voluntary lender incentives to promote integrated risk management

+support without increasing costs or burdens for applicants.

+(d) Applicability.--The requirements and evaluations under this

+section shall apply only to operating, production, and working capital

+loans made for agricultural production purposes and shall not apply to

+real estate loans, rural development loans, housing loans, business and

+industry loans, or other non-operating credit programs administered by

+the Secretary.

+SEC. 5510. FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION OPTION TO EXAMINE LOW-RISK FARM

+CREDIT SYSTEM INSTITUTIONS ON A 24-MONTH CYCLE.

+(a) In General.--Section 5.19(a) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12

+U.S.C. 2254(a)) is amended in the 1st sentence--

+(1) by striking ``in no event'' and inserting ``not''; and

+(2) by inserting ``, except that the Farm Credit

+Administration, in its sole discretion, may extend the time

+period between mandatory examinations of institutions deemed by

+the Farm Credit Administration to be small, low-risk

+institutions to not more than 24 months'' before the period.

+(b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by subsection (a) shall

+take effect on October 1, 2026.

TITLE VI--RURAL DEVELOPMENT

Subtitle A--Improving Health Outcomes in Rural America

@@ -6720,8 +7134,11 @@

(i) in clause (i)--

(I) in the heading, by striking

``Substance use disorder set-aside''

-and inserting ``Set-aside''; and

-(II) by inserting ``, mental

+and inserting ``Set-aside'';

+(II) by inserting ``at rural health

+facilities'' before ``that provide'';

+and

+(III) by inserting ``, mental

health, behavioral health, or maternal

health'' before ``treatment''; and

(ii) in clause (ii), by inserting ``mental

@@ -6735,7 +7152,8 @@

(II) in subclause (I), by inserting

``mental health, behavioral health,

maternal health, or'' before

-``substance''; and

+``substance'' the first place it

+appears; and

(III) in subclause (II), by

inserting ``mental health concerns,

behavioral health concerns, maternal

@@ -6747,7 +7165,7 @@

before the period; and

(D) in subparagraph (C), by inserting ``behavioral

health, mental health, maternal health, or'' before

-``substance''; and

+``substance'' the first place it appears; and

(2) in paragraph (2), by striking ``2025'' and inserting

``2027''.

@@ -6817,7 +7235,7 @@

substantial portion of the funding or in-kind

assistance for the project from, 2 or more

stakeholders, including--

-``(I) State, local, and tribal

+``(I) State, local, and Tribal

governments;

``(II) nonprofit institutions;

``(III) community anchor

@@ -6851,7 +7269,11 @@

provided broadband service or other utility

service for at least 5 years in rural areas in

the State in which the project would be carried

-out.'';

+out.

+``(C) Affordability.--In determining whether a

+household is unserved for purposes of this section, the

+Secretary shall consider the affordability of broadband

+service.'';

(i) in subparagraph (B)--

(I) by striking ``and'' at the end

@@ -6892,8 +7314,8 @@

guaranteed principal portion of the loan.

``(B) Periodic retention fee.--The Secretary may

assess a periodic retention fee for any insured or

-guaranteed loan or modified under this section in an

-amount that does not exceed 0.75 percent of the

+guaranteed loan issued or modified under this section

+in an amount that does not exceed 0.75 percent of the

outstanding principal of the guarantee loan.

``(C) Disclosure.--In altering any fee charged for

any insured or guaranteed loan issued or modified under

@@ -6959,13 +7381,19 @@

(II) by striking ``is submitted--''

and all that follows through ``(i) not

less than 50'' and inserting ``is

-submitted not less than 75'' ; and

+submitted not less than 75''; and

(III) by striking ``(e); and'' and

all that follows and inserting

``(e).'';

(ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking

``(A)(i)'' and inserting ``(A)''; and

-(iii) by striking subparagraph (C); and

+(iii) by striking subparagraph (C) and

+inserting the following:

+``(C) Affordability.--In deciding whether a

+proposed service territory is unserved for purposes of

+subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall consider the

+affordability of broadband service in the service

+territory.''; and

(5) in subsection (e)--

(A) in paragraph (1)--

@@ -7150,7 +7578,7 @@

U.S.C. 1926(a)).

``(C) Satellite broadband equipment.--The term

`satellite broadband equipment' means user terminals,

-wi-fi routers, power supplies, mounts, and any other

+Wi-Fi routers, power supplies, mounts, and any other

equipment necessary to connect a qualified consumer to

satellite broadband service.

``(D) Secretary.--The term `Secretary' means the

@@ -7158,7 +7586,7 @@

Administrator of the Rural Utilities Service.

``(E) Remote.--The term `remote' means a region

classified within level 3 or level 4 of the frontier

-and remote zip code areas published by the Economic

+and remote ZIP Code areas published by the Economic

Research Service of the Department of Agriculture.

``(3) Grants to eligible entities.--

``(A) In general.--Subject to paragraph (B), the

@@ -7246,7 +7674,7 @@

SEC. 6205. RATE REGULATION.

Title VI of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 (7 U.S.C. 950bb-

-950bb-5) is amended by adding at the end the following:

+5) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 607. RATE REGULATION.

@@ -7323,7 +7751,7 @@

by the Secretary.

``(2) Eligible entities.--To be eligible to obtain

assistance under this subsection, an entity shall be--

-``(A) a federally recognized tribe or tribal

+``(A) a federally recognized Tribe or Tribal

entity;

``(B) a State or local government, including any

agency, subdivision, instrumentality, or political

@@ -7431,8 +7859,8 @@

means--

``(i) a unit of local government in a rural

area;

-``(ii) a tribal government or unit of

-tribal government;

+``(ii) a Tribal Government or unit of

+Tribal Government;

``(iii) an economic development or other

community organization;

``(iv) an eligible entity under title I or

@@ -7505,7 +7933,7 @@

service by an eligible entity--

``(A) a structural improvement or investment in a

cost-effective, commercial technology to increase

-energy efficiency (including cost-effective on-or off-

+energy efficiency (including cost-effective on- or off-

grid renewable energy or energy storage system); and

``(B) the replacement of a manufactured housing

unit or large appliance with a substantially similar

@@ -7806,14 +8234,11 @@

``(A) an evaluation of the outcomes achieved

through use of the assistance, and the ability of the

recipient of the assistance to meet performance goals;

-``(B) an evaluation of the compliance of the

-recipient with the terms and conditions of the

-assistance;

-``(C) a determination as to whether the recipient

-maintains adequate financial capacity to carry out the

-activities for which the assistance is provided;

-and

-``(D) any recommendations of the Secretary

+``(B) a description of any debt recovery made with

+respect to a loan guaranteed under this subsection, and

+agency projections for activities for which the

+assistance is provided; and

+``(C) any recommendations of the Secretary

regarding the implementation of this subsection.

``(6) Reservation of funds.--

``(A) In general.--For each of fiscal years 2025

@@ -7956,9 +8381,15 @@

(B) Inclusions.--The term ``childcare'' includes--

(i) a school-based program described in

subparagraph (A);

-(ii) a facility used for a program

+(ii) a program described in subparagraph

+(A) that is a Head Start program, including a

+migrant and seasonal Head Start program, or an

+American Indian and Alaska Native Head Start

+program carried out under the Head Start Act

+(42 U.S.C. 9831 et seq.);

+(iii) a facility used for a program

described in subparagraph (A); and

-(iii) a service provided under a program

+(iv) a service provided under a program

described in subparagraph (A).

(2) Initiative.--The term ``Initiative'' means the

Expanding Childcare in Rural America Initiative established

@@ -8061,7 +8492,7 @@

SEC. 6307. ESTABLISHMENT OF THE RURAL DEVELOPMENT INNOVATION CENTER.

Subtitle D of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7

-U.S.C. 1981- 2008w) is amended by adding at the end the following:

+U.S.C. 1981 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 379J. RURAL DEVELOPMENT INNOVATION CENTER.

@@ -8294,7 +8725,7 @@

``(II) 50,000 or fewer inhabitants

for disaster and recovery assistance

under subparagraph (D)(ii); and

-``(ii) a public body, non-profit

+``(ii) a public body, nonprofit

corporation, or Indian tribe with legal

authority to own and operate the water

facility.

@@ -8402,9 +8833,9 @@

SEC. 6405. EMERGENCY AND IMMINENT COMMUNITY WATER ASSISTANCE GRANT

PROGRAM.

-(a) In General.--Section 306A(i)(2) of the Consolidated Farm and

-Rural Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1926a(i)(2)) is amended by striking

-``2019 through 2023'' and inserting ``2027 through 2031''.

+Section 306A(i)(2) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development

+Act (7 U.S.C. 1926a(i)(2)) is amended by striking ``2019 through 2023''

+and inserting ``2027 through 2031''.

SEC. 6406. WATER SYSTEMS FOR RURAL AND NATIVE VILLAGES IN ALASKA.

@@ -8457,7 +8888,7 @@

contamination, the installation or replacement

of water treatment, where needed as determined

by a qualified water quality test or other

-third party documentation to the satisfaction

+third-party documentation to the satisfaction

of the Secretary;

``(B) performing qualified water quality testing of

individual household water well systems and

@@ -8577,14 +9008,13 @@

the period;

(3) in paragraph (6), by striking subparagraph (B) and

inserting the following:

-``(B) Award renewals for qualified non-profit

+``(B) Award renewals for qualified nonprofit

institutions.--The Secretary shall award a grant under

-this subsection to a non-profit institution on the same

+this subsection to a nonprofit institution on the same

terms and for the establishment or operation of the

same center or centers for cooperative development for

-which the non-profit institution was awarded a grant in

-the current fiscal year, if the non-profit

-institution--

+which the nonprofit institution was awarded a grant in

+the current fiscal year, if the nonprofit institution--

``(i) is a recipient of an award under this

subsection;

``(ii) requests a renewal under this

@@ -8628,14 +9058,14 @@

exceed 3 percent of the guaranteed principal portion of the

loan.

``(2) Periodic retention fee.--The Secretary may assess a

-periodic retention fee for any insured or guaranteed loan or

-modified under section 306(a) in an amount that does not exceed

-0.75 percent of the outstanding principal of the guaranteed

-loan.

+periodic retention fee for any insured or guaranteed loan

+issued or modified under section 306(a) in an amount that does

+not exceed 0.75 percent of the outstanding principal of the

+guaranteed loan.

``(3) Disclosure.--In altering any fee charged for any

insured or guaranteed loan issued or modified under section

306(a), the Secretary, not less than 30 days in advance of any

-fee change, shall provide a public disclosure, of the financial

+fee change, shall provide a public disclosure of the financial

data, economic and behavioral assumptions, calculations, and

other factors used to determine the new fee rates.''.

(b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 310B(g)(5) of such Act (7 U.S.C.

@@ -8654,7 +9084,7 @@

``(C) Disclosure.--In altering any fee charged for

any guaranteed business and industry loan, the

Secretary, not less than 30 days in advance of any fee

-change, shall provide a public disclosure, of the

+change, shall provide a public disclosure of the

financial data, economic and behavioral assumptions,

calculations, and other factors used to determine the

new fee rates.''.

@@ -8851,7 +9281,7 @@

``(C) acquiring or upgrading health care

information systems such as electronic health records;

``(D) providing financial planning assistance and

-preparing long-term financial plan; and

+preparing a long-term financial plan; and

``(E) such other needs as the Secretary deems

critical to maintaining health care services in the

community in which an eligible health care facility is

@@ -8893,8 +9323,7 @@

take effect on the completion of a rulemaking carrying out such

amendments.

-SEC. 6418. ELIMINATION OF PROHIBITION ON USE OF LOAN FOR CERTAIN

-PURPOSES.

+SEC. 6418. PROHIBITION ON USE OF LOAN OR GRANT FOR CERTAIN PURPOSES.

Section 363 of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7

U.S.C. 2006e) is amended to read as follows:

@@ -8955,8 +9384,11 @@

loan under this section for a project may be used to cover not

more than 50 percent of any renovation, construction, or

related costs of real estate improvements under the project'';

-and

-(3) in subsection (d), by striking ``2019 through 2023''

+(3) in subsection (c)(1)(B), by inserting ``(or 5 percent,

+in the case of a microenterprise development organization

+serving a persistent poverty county, as determined by the

+Secretary)'' before ``of the total amount''; and

+(4) in subsection (d), by striking ``2019 through 2023''

and inserting ``2027 through 2031''.

SEC. 6423. HEALTH CARE SERVICES.

@@ -8994,7 +9426,7 @@

education school (as defined in section

3 of the Carl D. Perkins Career and

Technical Education Act of 2006 (20

-U.S.C. 2302);''; and

+U.S.C. 2302));''; and

(III) in subclause (IV) (as so

redesignated by subclause (II) of this

clause), by striking ``and'';

@@ -9014,7 +9446,7 @@

education school (as defined in section

3 of the Carl D. Perkins Career and

Technical Education Act of 2006 (20

-U.S.C. 2302); or''; and

+U.S.C. 2302)); or''; and

(iii) by adding at the end the following:

``(v) in the case of a career pathway

program, includes 1 or more members of the

@@ -9110,12 +9542,11 @@

(ii) by redesignating clause (xviii) as

clause (xix) and inserting after clause (xvii)

the following:

-``(xviii) the number of individuals who

-have completed skills development, recognized

-postsecondary credentials, or gained

-specialized education through career pathways

-programs or industry or sector partnerships;

-or''; and

+``(xviii) the number of individuals who have

+completed skills development, recognized postsecondary

+credentials, or gained specialized education through

+career pathways programs or industry or sector

+partnerships; or''; and

(iii) in clause (xix) (as so redesignated

by subparagraph (B) of this paragraph), by

striking the period and inserting ``; and'';

@@ -9411,9 +9842,13 @@

SEC. 7111. SCHOLARSHIPS FOR STUDENTS AT 1890 INSTITUTIONS.

-Section 1446(b)(2) of the National Agricultural Research,

-Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3222a(b)(2)) is

-amended by striking ``2023'' and inserting ``2031''.

+Section 1446 of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and

+Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3222a) is amended--

+(1) in the section heading, by inserting ``(commonly known

+as the david a. scott scholarship program for students at 1890

+institutions)'' before the period at the end; and

+(2) in subsection (b)(2), by striking ``2023'' and

+inserting ``2031''.

SEC. 7112. GRANTS TO UPGRADE AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD SCIENCES FACILITIES

AT 1890 LAND-GRANT COLLEGES, INCLUDING TUSKEGEE

@@ -9456,7 +9891,14 @@

Section 1450 of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and

Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3222e) is amended--

-(1) in subsection (b), by striking paragraph (5); and

+(1) in subsection (b)--

+(A) in paragraph (4), by striking ``land-grant

+college or university'' and inserting ``land-grant

+college or university (except for a 1994 Institution

+(as defined in section 532 of the Equity in Educational

+Land-Grant Status Act of 1994 (Public Law 103-382; 7

+U.S.C. 301 note)))''; and

+(B) by striking paragraph (5); and

(2) in subsection (d), by striking ``2023'' and inserting

``2031''.

@@ -9588,12 +10030,7 @@

``(ii) supporting and strengthening

national agricultural research systems in

developing countries;

-``(C) supporting the participation of eligible

-institutions in programs of international

-organizations, such as the United Nations, the World

-Bank, regional development banks, and international

-agricultural research centers;

-``(D) improving agricultural teaching and education

+``(C) improving agricultural teaching and education

by--

``(i) in partnership with international

partner institutions, supporting education and

@@ -9609,22 +10046,22 @@

partner institutions by promoting partnerships

with, and improving the capacity of, eligible

institutions;

-``(E) assisting eligible institutions in

+``(D) assisting eligible institutions in

strengthening their capacity for food, agricultural,

and related research, extension, and teaching programs

relevant to agricultural development activities in

developing countries to promote the application of new

technology to improve education delivery;

-``(F) providing support for the

+``(E) providing support for the

internationalization of resident instruction programs

of eligible institutions;

-``(G) establishing a program, to be coordinated by

+``(F) establishing a program, to be coordinated by

the Director of the National Institute of Food and

Agriculture and the Administrator of the Foreign

Agricultural Service, to place interns from eligible

institutions in, or in service to benefit, developing

countries; and

-``(H) establishing a program to provide fellowships

+``(G) establishing a program to provide fellowships

to students at eligible institutions to study at

foreign agricultural colleges and universities.'';

(3) in subsection (c), in the matter preceding paragraph

@@ -9706,13 +10143,15 @@

sciences.

``(c) Priority.--In making grants under subsection (b), the

Secretary shall give priority to an eligible entity coordinating with a

-local agriculture industry operator to provide work-based learning,

-experiential training, and other opportunities for students.

+local agriculture industry operator or conservation district to provide

+work-based learning, experiential training, and other opportunities for

+students.

``(d) Use of Funds.--An eligible entity that receives a grant under

subsection (b) may use the funds made available through the grant--

``(1) to offer educational programming on agricultural

industry jobs, including farm business management-related

-subjects, such as accounting, paralegal studies, and finance;

+subjects, such as accounting, paralegal studies, finance, and

+soil, water, and related resource conservation;

``(2) to develop apprenticeships and other work-based

learning opportunities; and

``(3) other services that would increase workforce

@@ -9741,7 +10180,7 @@

projects'';

(B) in paragraph (5)--

(i) in the paragraph heading, by striking

-``person'' and inserting ``eligible entity'';

+``Person'' and inserting ``Eligible entity'';

(ii) in the matter preceding subparagraph

(A), by striking ``person'' and inserting

``eligible entity'';

@@ -9860,15 +10299,9 @@

(4) in subsection (d), as so redesignated, by striking

``for each fiscal year.'' and inserting ``for each of fiscal

years 2027 through 2031.''.

-(b) Conforming Amendments.--

-(1) Section 14112 of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act

-of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 8912) is repealed.

-(2) Section 14113 of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act

-of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 8913) is repealed.

-(3) Section 14121 of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act

-of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 8921) is repealed.

-(4) Section 14122 of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act

-of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 8922) is repealed.

+(b) Conforming Amendments.--Chapters 1 and 2 of subtitle B of title

+XIV of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 8912,

+8913, 8921, and 8922) are repealed.

SEC. 7129. DISTANCE EDUCATION GRANTS FOR INSULAR AREAS.

@@ -9924,7 +10357,8 @@

(11), (13), and (18);

(B) by redesignating paragraphs (7), (8), (12),

(14), (15), (16), (17), (19), and (20) as paragraphs

-(5), (6), (7), (8), (9), (10), (11), (12), and (13);

+(5), (6), (7), (8), (9), (10), (11), (12), and (13),

+respectively;

inserting ``and harmful algal blooms'' after ``macro-

algae systems''; and

@@ -9947,9 +10381,10 @@

``(iii) cacao trees;

``(iv) plantains and bananas;

``(v) mangos;

-``(vi) tropical floriculture and nursery

+``(vi) vanilla plants;

+``(vii) tropical floriculture and nursery

crops; and

-``(vii) any other tropical plant as

+``(viii) any other tropical plant as

determined by the Secretary;

``(B) establishing an areawide integrated pest

management program in areas affected by, or areas at

@@ -10458,8 +10893,9 @@

Section 2501 of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act

of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 2279) is amended--

-(1) in subsection (c)(2)--

-(A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A)--

+(1) in subsection (c)--

+(A) in paragraph (2), in the matter preceding

+subparagraph (A)--

(i) by striking ``Secretary of

Agriculture'' and inserting ``Secretary of

Agriculture, acting through the Director of the

@@ -10467,8 +10903,52 @@

and

(ii) by striking ``2023'' and inserting

``2031''; and

-(2) by striking ``2023'' each place it appears in

-subsections (d)(1) and (l)(2) and inserting ``2031''.

+(B) in paragraph (4)--

+(i) in subparagraph (F), by inserting ``and

+organizations that provide training and

+technical assistance in budgeting, business

+planning, and similar financial and management

+skills that focus on the ongoing economic

+viability of beginning farm and ranch

+enterprises'' after ``veteran farmers and

+ranchers'';

+(ii) in subparagraph (I)(ii), by striking

+``shall include a broad representation of peers

+of the eligible entity'' and inserting ``shall

+include a broad representation of individuals

+with demonstrated expertise in farm business

+management''; and

+(iii) in subparagraph (J), by striking ``to

+the eligible entities providing that technical

+assistance'' and inserting ``to the needs of

+farmers and ranchers' ongoing economic

+viability'';

+(2) in subsection (d)--

+(A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``2023'' and

+inserting ``2031'';

+(B) in paragraph (2)--

+(i) by striking subparagraph (J); and

+(ii) by redesignating subparagraphs (K),

+(L), (M), (N), and (O) as subparagraphs (J),

+(K), (L), (M) and (N), respectively;

+(C) in paragraph (8), by striking ``to partnerships

+and collaborations that are led by or include

+nongovernmental, community-based organizations and

+school-based educational organizations with expertise

+in new agricultural producer training and outreach''

+and inserting ``to programs that provide training and

+technical assistance in budgeting, business planning,

+and similar financial and management skills that focus

+on the ongoing economic viability of beginning farm and

+ranch enterprises''; and

+(D) in paragraph (12)(B), by striking ``a broad

+representation of peers of the applicant for the grant

+or cooperative agreement'' and inserting ``a broad

+representation of the United States agriculture

+industry and individuals with demonstrated expertise in

+farm business management''; and

+(3) in subsection (l)(2), by striking ``2023'' and

+inserting ``2031''.

SEC. 7211. NATIONAL RURAL INFORMATION CENTER CLEARINGHOUSE.

@@ -10480,6 +10960,40 @@

Subtitle D of title XVI of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and

Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5851 et seq.) is repealed.

+SEC. 7213. RESEARCHING THE TRANSITION TO ORGANIC.

+Title XVI of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of

+1990 is amended by inserting after section 1673 (7 U.S.C. 5926) the

+following:

+``SEC. 1674. RESEARCHING THE TRANSITION TO ORGANIC.

+``(a) Competitive Specialized Research and Extension Grants

+Authorized.--The Secretary of Agriculture (referred to in this section

+as the `Secretary'), in consultation with the National Agricultural

+Research, Extension, Education, and Economics Advisory Board, may make

+competitive grants to support research, education, and extension

+activities relating to the transition of nonorganic production systems

+into organic agricultural production systems for the purposes of--

+``(1) overcoming barriers to transitioning to organic

+agricultural production;

+``(2) documenting and understanding the effects of organic

+practices on ecosystem services, including soil health and

+fertility, greenhouse gas mitigation and sequestration, water

+management, biodiversity-related services, and pest management;

+and

+``(3) developing improved technologies, methods, models,

+and metrics to document, describe, and optimize ecosystem

+services of transitioning agricultural production into organic

+management.

+``(b) Grant Administration.--Paragraphs (4), (7), (8), and (11)(B)

+of subsection (b) of the Competitive, Special, and Facilities Research

+Grant Act (7 U.S.C. 3157(b)) shall apply with respect to the making of

+grants under this section.

+``(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be

+appropriated to carry out this section $7,500,000 for fiscal year 2027

+and each fiscal year thereafter.''.

Subtitle C--Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act

of 1998

@@ -10756,11 +11270,18 @@

inserting ``that is not less than'';

(3) in section 535, by striking ``2023'' each place it

appears in subsections (b)(1) and (c) and inserting ``2031'';

+and

(4) in section 536--

-(A) by striking subsection (b);

-(B) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection

+(A) in subsection (a), by inserting before the

+period at the end the following: ``and to acquire,

+alter, repair, maintain, and operate relevant equipment

+necessary for strengthening the capacity of the

+Institution to conduct research in the food and

+agricultural sciences'';

+(B) by striking subsection (b);

+(C) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection

(b); and

-(C) in subsection (b) (as so redesignated), by

+(D) in subsection (b) (as so redesignated), by

striking ``2023'' and inserting ``2031''.

SEC. 7502. RESEARCH FACILITIES ACT.

@@ -10799,12 +11320,14 @@

(ii) in clause (vii), by striking ``; and''

at the end and inserting a semicolon;

(iii) in clause (viii), by striking the

-period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and

+period at the end and inserting a semicolon;

+and

(iv) by adding at the end the following:

``(ix) workforce training and development,

including meat and poultry processing

(including rendering) and precision

-agriculture.'';

+agriculture; and

+``(x) reducing food loss and food waste.'';

(2) in paragraph (7)--

(A) by redesignating subparagraphs (D) through (I)

as subparagraphs (E) through (J), respectively;

@@ -11025,6 +11548,15 @@

Teaching Policy Act Amendments of 1985 (title XIV of Public Law 99-198;

99 Stat. 1556) is repealed.

+SEC. 7510. AMENDMENT TO SMITH-LEVER ACT.

+Section 3(b)(3) of the Smith-Lever Act (7 U.S.C. 343(b)(3)) is

+amended by inserting after ``for the purposes set forth in section 2''

+the following: ``, and for 1994 Institutions to acquire, alter, repair,

+maintain, and operate relevant equipment necessary to strengthen the

+capacity of such 1994 Institutions to achieve the purposes set forth in

+section 2''.

Subtitle F--Other Matters

SEC. 7601. FOUNDATION FOR FOOD AND AGRICULTURE RESEARCH.

@@ -11123,9 +11655,9 @@

SEC. 7603. LIVESTOCK INSECTS LABORATORY.

-The Act of December 23, 1987 (Public Law 100-208; 101 Stat. 1439)

-is amended by striking ``Knipling-Bushland Research Laboratory'' each

-place it appears and inserting ``Knipling-Bushland Research Center''.

+Public Law 100-208 (101 Stat. 1439) is amended by striking

+``Knipling-Bushland Research Laboratory'' each place it appears and

+inserting ``Knipling-Bushland Research Center''.

SEC. 7604. U.S. ABIT MASSEY NATIONAL POULTRY RESEARCH CENTER.

@@ -11135,7 +11667,7 @@

Center''.

(b) References.--Any reference in a law, map, regulation, document,

paper, or other record of the United States to the facility referred to

-in subsection (a) shall be deemed to be a reference to the ``U. S. Abit

+in subsection (a) shall be deemed to be a reference to the ``U.S. Abit

Massey National Poultry Research Center''.

SEC. 7605. HATCH ACT OF 1887.

@@ -11208,7 +11740,7 @@

the Committee;

(ii) 1 shall be appointed by the ranking

member of the Committee; and

-(iii) 1 shall be appointed jointed by the

+(iii) 1 shall be appointed jointly by the

chair and ranking member of the Committee.

(2) Date of appointments.--The appointment of all members

of the Commission shall be made not later than 60 days after

@@ -11384,8 +11916,8 @@

Section 251 of the Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of

1994 (7 U.S.C. 6971) is amended--

(1) in subsection (c)--

-(A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``; and'' at the

-end and inserting a semicolon;

+(A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``and'' at the

+end;

(B) in paragraph (2), by striking the period at the

end and inserting ``; and''; and

@@ -11604,7 +12136,7 @@

technologies developed pursuant to the

memoranda of understanding or other

appropriate interagency agreements

-entered into under this subparagraph.

+entered into under this subparagraph;

``(IV) promote collaboration and

open community-based development

between--

@@ -11758,6 +12290,34 @@

report on the efficacy of Ag I-Corps, including metrics on the

effectiveness of the program.

+SEC. 7610. STUDY ON TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE WITH RESPECT TO TRANSFER OF

+AGRICULTURAL LAND AND ASSETS.

+(a) In General.--Not later than September 30, 2026, the Secretary

+of Agriculture shall conduct a study on, and submit to Congress a

+report on, ways to increase opportunities for 1890 Institutions (as

+defined in section 2 of the Agricultural Research, Extension, and

+Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7601)) to conduct educational

+programs and provide technical assistance with respect to issues

+relating to the transfers of agricultural land and assets, including

+heirs property, to the next generation of farmers and ranchers.

+(b) Heirs Property Defined.--In this section, the term ``heirs

+property'' means real property held in tenancy in common which, as of

+the date on which a partition action is filed, satisfies all of the

+following requirements:

+(1) There is no recorded agreement binding all the co-

+tenants which governs the partition of the property.

+(2) One or more of the co-tenants acquired title from a

+relative, whether living or deceased.

+(3) Any of the following applies:

+(A) 20 percent or more of the interests are held by

+co-tenants who are relatives.

+(B) 20 percent or more of the interests are held by

+an individual who acquired title from a relative,

+whether living or deceased.

+(C) 20 percent or more of the co-tenants are

+relatives.

TITLE VIII--FORESTRY

Subtitle A--Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act of 1978

@@ -11794,6 +12354,25 @@

Section 13A(l)(3) of the Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act of

1978 (16 U.S.C. 2109a(l)(3)) is amended by striking ``2023'' and

inserting ``2031''.

+SEC. 8104. RURAL FIRE PREVENTION AND CONTROL.

+Section 10 of the Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act of 1978 (16

+U.S.C 2106) is amended--

+(1) in subsection (e)(2)(B), by striking ``in kind

+contributions.'' and inserting ``in-kind contributions. The

+Secretary may waive the Federal share requirements of this

+subparagraph with respect to any such funds made available to

+rural volunteer fire departments.''; and

+(2) in subsection (g)(1)--

+(A) by striking ``any organized, not for profit,

+fire protection organization'' and inserting ``any fire

+protection organization that is organized as a not for

+profit organization or by the authority of a local

+government and'';

+(B) by striking ``10,000'' and inserting

+``15,000''; and

+(C) by striking ``80'' and inserting ``70''.

Subtitle B--Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003

@@ -12459,7 +13038,7 @@

(B) an Indian Tribe;

high-quality native trees of appropriate genetic

-sources in bareroot or container stocktypes specific

+sources in bareroot or container stock types specific

for reforestation, restoration, or conservation,

including native plants and seeds that are of cultural

significance to Indian Tribes;

@@ -12579,7 +13158,7 @@

striking ``in a sagebrush steppe ecosystem'';

(2) in subsection (c), by striking ``concurrently for both

greater sage-grouse and'' and inserting ``for greater sage-

-grouse or'';

+grouse or''; and

(3) by amending subsection (g) to read as follows:

``(g) Limitation.--A covered vegetation management activity that is

covered by the categorical exclusion under subsection (b) may not

@@ -12849,7 +13428,7 @@

neighbor agreements and for the

administration of a good neighbor

authority program by a Governor, Indian

-Tribe, special district, or country.'';

+Tribe, special district, or county.'';

and

(ii) in clause (ii), by striking ``2028''

and inserting ``2030'';

@@ -12891,13 +13470,13 @@

(i) in subparagraph (E), by striking

``and'' at the end;

(ii) in subparagraph (F), by striking the

-period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and

+period at the end and inserting ``;''; and

(iii) by adding at the end the following:

``(G) proposals that seek to use innovative

implementation mechanisms, including good neighbor

agreements entered into under section 8206 of the

Agricultural Act of 2014 (16 U.S.C. 2113a), and similar

-implementation mechanisms; and

+implementation mechanisms;

``(H) proposals that seek to reduce the risk of

uncharacteristic wildfire or increase ecological

restoration activities--

@@ -13028,7 +13607,8 @@

Section 8302 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (16 U.S.C. 3851a) is

amended--

(1) in the section heading, by striking ``aces'' and

-inserting ``experienced services'';

+inserting ``experienced services'' (and by conforming the item

+relating to such section in the table of sections accordingly);

(2) in subsection (a)--

(A) by striking ``(a) In General.--'';

(B) by striking ``Agriculture Conservation''; and

@@ -13040,30 +13620,30 @@

Section 14 of the National Forest Management Act of 1976 (16 U.S.C.

472a) is amended--

-(1) in subsection (d) by striking ``$10,000'' and inserting

-``$55,000''; and

+(1) in subsection (d), by striking ``$10,000'' and

+inserting ``$55,000''; and

(2) by adding at the end the following:

``(j) In the event of extreme risks to a unit of National Forest

System land, including catastrophic wildfire, insect and disease

outbreak, wind, hurricane, flood, drought, or to avoid impacts from

such extreme events, the Secretary may, without an appraisal and under

such rules and regulations prescribed by the Secretary, dispose of by

-sale or otherwise, portions of trees, or forest products located on

-such unit of National Forest System land.''.

+sale or otherwise, portions of trees or forest products located on such

+unit of National Forest System land.''.

SEC. 8417. PERMITS AND AGREEMENTS WITH ELECTRICAL UTILITIES.

(a) In General.--In any special use permit or easement on National

Forest System lands provided to an electric utility company (as defined

-in section 1262 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16451)) the

-Secretary may provide permission to cut and remove trees or other

+in section 1262 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16451)),

+the Secretary may provide permission to cut and remove trees or other

vegetation from within the vicinity of distribution lines or

transmission lines, including hazardous vegetation that increases fire

risk, without requiring a separate timber sale if that cutting and

removal is consistent with the applicable land management plan.

(b) Use of Proceeds.--A special use permit or easement that

includes permission for the cutting and removal of trees or other

-vegetation described in subsection (a), shall include a requirement

+vegetation described in subsection (a) shall include a requirement

that, if the applicable electrical utility sells any portion of the

material removed under the permit or easement, the electrical utility

shall provide to the Secretary, acting through the Chief of the Forest

@@ -13086,7 +13666,7 @@

include--

(A) the completion of any reviews required under

the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42

-U.S.C. 4321 et seq.)) to allow a permittee with a

+U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) to allow a permittee with a

grazing permit in effect to graze on vacant grazing

allotments during instances of drought, wildfire, or

other natural disaster that disrupt grazing on the

@@ -13142,7 +13722,8 @@

Section 8703 of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 is

amended--

(1) in the heading, by striking ``demonstration project''

-and inserting ``program''; and

+and inserting ``program'' (and by conforming the item relating

+to such section in the table of contents accordingly); and

(2) in subsection (a), by striking ``demonstration projects

by'' and inserting ``a program under''.

@@ -13157,7 +13738,7 @@

facilities program'';

(2) in subsection (a)--

(A) in paragraph (1)(A)(iii), in the matter

-preceding subclause (I) by striking ``woody biomass,

+preceding subclause (I), by striking ``woody biomass,

including residuals'' and inserting ``primarily forest

biomass, including processing or manufacturing

residuals''; and

@@ -13204,11 +13785,11 @@

advance the purposes of the program and for the hauling of material

removed to reduce hazardous fuels to locations where that material can

be utilized'' before the period at the end.

-(b) Targeting to Support Economic Development, Enhanced Building

+(b) Targeting To Support Economic Development, Enhanced Building

Design, and Impact Assessment.--Section 8643(c) of the Agriculture

Improvement Act of 2018 (7 U.S.C. 7655d(c)) is amended to read as

follows:

-``(c) Targeting to Support Economic Development, Enhanced Building

+``(c) Targeting To Support Economic Development, Enhanced Building

Design, and Impact Assessment.--In selecting among proposals of

eligible entities under subsection (b)(2), the Secretary may give

priority to proposals for projects that--

@@ -13219,9 +13800,9 @@

calendar year;

``(2) recognize or enhance carbon reduction strategies in

building design and interior wood products, including forest

-impacts, which can be improved or by North American

-manufacturing; or

-``(3) includes in the proposal of the entity an analysis of

+impacts, which can be improved by North American manufacturing;

+or

+``(3) include in the proposal of the entity an analysis of

the benefits that forest management under the proposal will

have on the resilience and economy of the community, including

benefits associated with--

@@ -13240,7 +13821,7 @@

(a) In General.--Not later than 2 years after the date of the

enactment of this Act, the Secretary, acting through the Chief of the

Forest Service, in collaboration with the Chief of the Natural

-Resources Conservation Service and in consultation with federally-

+Resources Conservation Service and in consultation with federally

recognized Indian Tribes, State foresters, and private sector partners,

shall establish a publicly available platform to provide measurement,

monitoring, verification, and reporting data regarding the carbon

@@ -13255,7 +13836,7 @@

Service soil carbon estimations;

(3) the Forest Products Laboratory;

(4) the Federal Life Cycle Assessment Commons;

-(5) Department entity level guidelines; and

+(5) Department entity-level guidelines; and

(6) other relevant programmatic data and information

sources, as published and made available.

@@ -13284,7 +13865,7 @@

(a) Definitions.--In this section:

(1) Biochar.--The term ``biochar'' means carbonized biomass

produced by converting feedstock through reductive thermal

-processing for non-fuel uses.

+processing for nonfuel uses.

(2) Covered secretaries.--The term ``covered Secretaries''

means--

(A) the Secretary, acting through the Chief of the

@@ -13294,8 +13875,8 @@

Director of the Office of Science.

(3) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity'' means--

-(A) a private, non-private, or cooperative entity

-or organization;

+(A) a private, nonprivate, or cooperative entity or

+organization;

(B) a State, local, special district, or Tribal

government;

@@ -13364,8 +13945,8 @@

for biochar and biochar-based products;

(G) carry out any other activities the covered

Secretaries determine appropriate; or

-(H) any combination of the purposes specified in

-subparagraphs (A) through (F).

+(H) do any combination of the activities specified

+in subparagraphs (A) through (F).

(4) Priority.--In selecting proposals under paragraph (2),

the covered Secretaries shall give priority to entering into

partnerships with eligible entities that submit proposals to

@@ -13375,13 +13956,13 @@

areas;

(B) have the most potential to demonstrate--

(i) new and innovative uses of biochar;

-(ii) market viability for cost effective

+(ii) market viability for cost-effective

biochar-based products;

(iii) the restorative benefits of biochar

-with respect to forest heath and resiliency,

+with respect to forest health and resiliency,

including forest soils and watersheds; or

-(iv) any combination of purposes specified

-in clauses (i) through (iii);

+(iv) any combination of the purposes

+specified in clauses (i) through (iii);

biochar production, as determined by the covered

Secretaries, due to--

@@ -13391,8 +13972,8 @@

of feedstocks; or

(iii) a high level of demand for biochar or

other commercial byproducts of biochar; or

-(D) satisfy any combination of purposes specified

-in subparagraphs (A) through (C).

+(D) satisfy any combination of the purposes

+specified in subparagraphs (A) through (C).

(5) Feedstock requirements.--To the maximum extent

practicable, an eligible entity that carries out a biochar

demonstration project under this subsection shall, with respect

@@ -13402,7 +13983,7 @@

Forest System lands or public lands.

(6) Review of biochar demonstration.--

(A) In general.--The covered Secretaries shall

-conduct regionally-specific research, including

+conduct regionally specific research, including

economic analyses and life-cycle assessments, on any

biochar produced from a demonstration project carried

out under the program established in paragraph (1)(A),

@@ -13411,7 +13992,7 @@

(I) forest health and resiliency;

(II) carbon capture and

sequestration, including increasing

-soil carbon in the short-term and long-

+soil carbon in the short term and long

term;

(III) productivity, reduced input

costs, and water retention in

@@ -13424,8 +14005,8 @@

(V) environmental remediation

activities, including abandoned mine

land remediation;

-(ii) the effectiveness of biochar as a co-

-product of biofuels or in biochemicals; and

+(ii) the effectiveness of biochar as a

+coproduct of biofuels or in biochemicals; and

(iii) the effectiveness of other potential

uses of biochar to determine if any such use is

technologically and commercially viable.

@@ -13433,7 +14014,7 @@

to the maximum extent practicable, provide data,

analyses, and other relevant information collected

under subparagraph (A) with recipients of a grant under

-subsection (b).

+subsection (c).

(7) Limitation on funding for establishing biochar

facilities.--If the covered Secretaries provide to an eligible

entity that enters into a partnership with the covered

@@ -13474,8 +14055,7 @@

productivity and profitability, including--

(i) uses in agriculture and environmental

remediation; and

-(ii) use as a co-product in fuel

-production;

+(ii) use as a coproduct in fuel production;

(F) new and innovative uses for biochar byproducts;

and

(G) opportunities to expand markets for biochar and

@@ -13500,8 +14080,8 @@

section 1105 of title 31, United States Code, a report

describing, for the fiscal year covered by the report, the

status of each demonstration project carried out under

-subsection (a) and each research and development grant carried

-out under subsection (b).

+subsection (b) and each research and development grant carried

+out under subsection (c).

(e) Sunset.--The authority to carry out this section shall

terminate on the date that is 7 years after the date of enactment of

this Act.

@@ -13580,7 +14160,7 @@

resource benefits; or

(II) through a planned hazardous

fuels reduction project;

-(iv) the cost per-acre of the hazardous

+(iv) the cost per acre of the hazardous

fuels reduction activities carried out during

the period covered by the report;

(v) the region or System unit in which the

@@ -13635,7 +14215,11 @@

(2) submit to Congress a report that describes the results

of the study under paragraph (1).

(d) Definitions.--In this section:

-(1) Hazardous fuels reduction activity.--

+(1) Federal land.--The term ``Federal land'' means any land

+under the jurisdiction of--

+(A) the Secretary; or

+(B) the Secretary of the Interior.

+(2) Hazardous fuels reduction activity.--

(A) In general.--The term ``hazardous fuels

reduction activity'' means any vegetation management

activity to reduce the risk of wildfire, including

@@ -13644,10 +14228,6 @@

reduction activity'' does not include the awarding of a

contract to conduct an activity described in

subparagraph (A).

-(2) Federal land.--The term ``Federal land'' means any land

-under the jurisdiction of--

-(A) the Secretary; or

-(B) the Secretary of the Interior.

(3) Secretary concerned.--The term ``Secretary concerned''

means--

(A) the Secretary of Agriculture, with respect to

@@ -13677,10 +14257,10 @@

(A) an organization described in section 501(c)(3)

of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and is exempt from

taxation under section 501(a) of such Code;

-(B) not controlled or owned by profit-making

+(B) not controlled or owned by a profit-making

corporation or business enterprise; and

-(C) is engaged in public or semi-public activity to

-further public health, safety, or welfare.

+(C) is engaged in a public or semipublic activity

+to further public health, safety, or welfare.

(3) The holder is an amateur station, amateur operator, or

provides amateur radio services, as those terms are defined in

section 97.3 of title 47, Code of Federal Regulations (or

@@ -13706,7 +14286,7 @@

(2) Amount of fee.--The fees collected under paragraph (1)

shall be based on the fair market value of the harvested forest

botanical products and the costs incurred by the Secretary

-associated with the granting, modifying, or monitoring the

+associated with granting, modifying, or monitoring the

authorization for harvest of the forest botanical products,

including the costs of any environmental or other analysis.

(3) Security.--The Secretary, acting through the Chief of

@@ -13895,7 +14475,7 @@

54, United States Code, shall not apply to an application for a

communications use authorization on National Forest System lands,

including National Forest System lands on which authorized utilities,

-communications facilities, powerline facilities or roads have been

+communications facilities, powerline facilities, or roads have been

installed, if--

(1) the communications equipment is located in or on

existing infrastructure; or

@@ -13957,9 +14537,9 @@

commencing at a point 5 feet east of

the northwest corner of the quarter-

quarter section described in clause

-(i), thence south 56 east 39`` a

+(i), thence south 56 east 39" a

distance of 222 feet, thence south 57

-east 31'' a distance of 1359 feet; and

+east 31" a distance of 1359 feet; and

(iii) subject to--

(I) any public water use or

easements on Lee Lake; and

@@ -14012,7 +14592,7 @@

section 32(c) of The Bankhead-Jones Farm Tenant Act (7

U.S.C. 1011(c)), requiring that the State forest land

be used for public purposes in perpetuity; and

-(B) the State and Deli, Inc. have agreed that the

+(B) the State and Deli, Inc., have agreed that the

State will convey the State forest land in exchange for

the Deli land, and the Deli land will be added to Black

River State Forest in the State.

@@ -14034,6 +14614,229 @@

State, may make any necessary corrections to the legal

description of the State forest land for purposes of the

quitclaim deed described in paragraph (2)(B).

+SEC. 8511. DOUG LAMALFA SECURE RURAL SCHOOLS ACT.

+Section 1 of the Secure Rural Schools and Community Self-

+Determination Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 7101 note) is amended by inserting

+``or the `Doug LaMalfa Secure Rural Schools Act''' before the period at

+the end.

+SEC. 8512. MINOR RANGE IMPROVEMENTS UNDER FOREST SERVICE GRAZING

+PERMITS.

+(a) Minor Range Improvements by Permittees.--Not later than 1 year

+after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall issue

+regulations allowing a permittee to carry out a minor range improvement

+on the lands with respect to which the permittee holds a grazing permit

+if--

+(1) the permittee notifies the applicable Forest Service

+district ranger at least 30 days prior to carrying out such

+minor range improvement; and

+(2) such applicable district ranger--

+(A) approves the minor range improvement; or

+(B) does not respond to notification regarding the

+minor range improvement.

+(b) Range Improvements by the Secretary.--The Secretary, acting

+through the applicable district ranger, shall--

+(1) respond to a covered request not later than 30 days

+after the date on which such request is submitted; and

+(2) if such response confirms that the Secretary, acting

+through the applicable district ranger, will carry out the

+range improvement requested--

+(A) notify the district office that serves the area

+in which such range improvement will occur; and

+(B) expedite the carrying out of such range

+improvement using any available administrative tools or

+authorities, including categorical exclusions.

+(c) Definitions.--In this section:

+(1) CFR terms.--The terms ``grazing permit'',

+``permittee'', and ``range improvement'' have the meanings

+given those terms, respectively, in section 222.1 of title 36,

+Code of Federal Regulations (or any successor regulations).

+(2) Covered request.--The term ``covered request'' means a

+request submitted by a permittee to the Secretary requesting

+that the Secretary carry out a range improvement.

+(3) Minor range improvement.--The term ``minor range

+improvement'' includes improvements to existing fences and

+fence lines, wells, water pipelines, and stock tanks.

+Subtitle F--White Oak Resilience

+SEC. 8601. SHORT TITLE.

+This subtitle may be cited as the ``White Oak Resilience Act''.

+SEC. 8602. WHITE OAK RESTORATION INITIATIVE COALITION.

+(a) In General.--The White Oak Restoration Initiative Coalition

+shall be established--

+(1) as a voluntary collaborative group of Federal, State,

+Tribal, and local governments and private and nongovernmental

+organizations to carry out the duties described in subsection

+(b); and

+(2) in accordance with the charter titled ``White Oak

+Initiative Coalition Charter'' adopted by the White Oak

+Initiative Board of Directors on March 21, 2023 (or any

+successor charter).

+(b) Duties.--In addition to the duties specified in the charter

+described in subsection (a)(2), the duties of the White Oak Restoration

+Initiative Coalition are--

+(1) to coordinate Federal, State, Tribal, local, private,

+and nongovernmental restoration of white oak in the United

+States; and

+(2) to make program and policy recommendations, consistent

+with applicable forest management plans, with respect to--

+(A) changes necessary to address Federal and State

+policies that impede activities to improve the health,

+resiliency, and natural regeneration of white oak;

+(B) adopting or modifying Federal and State

+policies to increase the pace and scale of white oak

+regeneration and resiliency of white oak;

+(C) options to enhance communication, coordination,

+and collaboration between forest landowners,

+particularly for cross-boundary projects, to improve

+the health, resiliency, and natural regeneration of

+white oak;

+(D) research gaps that should be addressed to

+improve the best available science on white oak;

+(E) outreach to forest landowners with white oak or

+white oak regeneration potential; and

+(F) options and policies necessary to improve the

+quality and quantity of white oak in tree nurseries.

+(c) Administrative Support, Technical Services, and Staff

+Support.--The Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary shall make

+such personnel available to the White Oak Restoration Initiative

+Coalition for administrative support, technical services, and

+development and dissemination of educational materials as the Secretary

+of the Interior or the Secretary, as applicable, determines necessary

+to carry out this section.

+SEC. 8603. FOREST SERVICE PILOT PROGRAM.

+(a) In General.--The Secretary, acting through the Chief of the

+Forest Service, shall establish and carry out 5 pilot projects in

+national forests to restore white oak in such forests through white oak

+restoration and natural regeneration practices that are consistent with

+applicable forest management plans.

+(b) National Forests Reserved or Withdrawn From Public Domain.--At

+least 3 pilot projects required under subsection (a) shall be carried

+out on national forests reserved or withdrawn from the public domain.

+(c) Authority To Enter Into Cooperative Agreements.--The Secretary

+may enter into cooperative agreements to carry out the pilot projects

+required under subsection (a).

+(d) Sunset.--The authority under this section shall terminate on

+the date that is 7 years after the date of enactment of this Act.

+SEC. 8604. WHITE OAK REGENERATION AND UPLAND OAK HABITAT.

+(a) Establishment.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the

+enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall establish a nonregulatory

+program to be known as the ``White Oak and Upland Oak Habitat

+Regeneration Program'' (in this section referred to as the

+``Program'').

+(b) Duties.--In carrying out the Program, the Secretary shall--

+(1) draw upon the best available science and management

+plans for species of white oak to identify, prioritize, and

+implement restoration and conservation activities that will

+improve the growth of white oak within the United States;

+(2) collaborate and coordinate with the White Oak

+Restoration Initiative Coalition to prioritize white oak

+restoration initiatives;

+(3) adopt a white oak restoration strategy that--

+(A) supports the implementation of a shared set of

+science-based restoration and conservation activities

+developed in accordance with paragraph (1);

+(B) targets cost-effective projects with measurable

+results; and

+(C) maximizes restoration outcomes with no net gain

+of Federal full-time equivalent employees; and

+(4) establish the voluntary grant and technical assistance

+programs in accordance with subsection (e).

+(c) Coordination.--In establishing the Program, the Secretary,

+acting through the Chief of the Forest Service, shall consult with--

+(1) the heads of Federal agencies, including--

+(A) the Director of the United States Fish and

+Wildlife Service; and

+(B) the Chief of the Natural Resources Conservation

+Service; and

+(2) the Governor of each State in which restoration efforts

+will be carried out pursuant to the Program.

+(d) Purposes.--The purposes of the Program include--

+(1) coordinating restoration and conservation activities

+among Federal, State, Tribal, and local entities and

+conservation partners to address white oak restoration

+priorities;

+(2) improving and regenerating white oak and upland oak

+forests and the wildlife habitat such forests provide;

+(3) carrying out coordinated restoration and conservation

+activities that lead to the increased growth of species of

+white oak in native white oak regions on Federal, State,

+Tribal, and private land;

+(4) facilitating strategic planning to maximize the

+resilience of white oak systems and habitats under changing

+climate conditions;

+(5) engaging the public through outreach, education, and

+citizen involvement to increase capacity and support for

+coordinated restoration and conservation activities for species

+of white oak; and

+(6) increasing scientific capacity to support the planning,

+monitoring, and research activities necessary to carry out such

+coordinated restoration and conservation activities.

+(e) Grants and Assistance.--

+(1) In general.--To the extent that funds are available to

+carry out this section, the Secretary shall establish a

+voluntary grant and technical assistance program (in this

+section referred to as the ``grant program'') to achieve the

+purposes of the Program, as described in subsection (d).

+(2) Administration.--

+(A) In general.--The Secretary shall enter into a

+cooperative agreement with the National Fish and

+Wildlife Foundation (in this subsection referred to as

+the ``Foundation'') to manage and administer the grant

+program.

+(B) Funding.--Subject to the availability of

+appropriations made in advance for such purpose, after

+the Secretary enters into a cooperative agreement with

+the Foundation under subparagraph (A), the Foundation

+shall, for each fiscal year, receive amounts to carry

+out this subsection in an advance payment of the entire

+amount on October 1, or as soon as practicable

+thereafter, of that fiscal year.

+(3) Application of national fish and wildlife foundation

+establishment act.--Amounts received by the Foundation to carry

+out the grant program shall be subject to the National Fish and

+Wildlife Foundation Establishment Act (16 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.),

+excluding section 10(a) of that Act (16 U.S.C. 3709(a)).

+(f) Sunset.--The authority under this section shall terminate on

+the date that is 7 years after the date of the enactment of this Act.

+SEC. 8605. TREE NURSERY SHORTAGES.

+(a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the

+enactment of this section, the Secretary, acting through the Chief of

+the Forest Service, shall--

+(1) develop and implement a national strategy to increase

+the capacity of Federal, State, Tribal, and private tree

+nurseries to address the nationwide shortage of tree seedlings;

+and

+(2) coordinate such strategy with--

+(A) the national reforestation strategy of the

+Forest Service; and

+(B) each regional implementation plan for national

+forests.

+(b) Elements.--The strategy required under subsection (a) shall--

+(1) be based on the best available science and data; and

+(2) identify and address--

+(A) regional seedling shortages of bareroot and

+container tree seedlings;

+(B) regional reforestation opportunities and the

+seedling supply necessary to fulfill such

+opportunities;

+(C) opportunities to enhance seedling diversity and

+close gaps in seed inventories; and

+(D) barriers to expanding, enhancing, or creating

+new infrastructure to increase nursery capacity.

TITLE IX--ENERGY

@@ -14120,7 +14923,7 @@

(i) in the heading, by inserting ``and

napcs'' before ``codes'';

(ii) by inserting ``and North American

-Products Classification System codes'' before

+Product Classification System codes'' before

``for--''; and

(iii) by striking subparagraphs (A) and (B)

and inserting the following:

@@ -14141,14 +14944,14 @@

Classification System codes and the North American

Product Classification System codes that utilize

bioeconomy-specific data;

-``(B) recommendations to implement any bioeconomy

+``(B) recommendations to implement any bioeconomy-

related changes as part of the 2027 revisions of the

North American Industry Classification System codes and

the North American Product Classification System codes;

and

``(C) an assessment of the impacts that bioeconomy-

specific North American Industry Classification System

-codes and North American Products Classification System

+codes and North American Product Classification System

codes would have on the measurement by the agency of

the economic contributions of the bioeconomy.''; and

(3) in subsection (k)--

@@ -14307,9 +15110,11 @@

SEC. 9007. RURAL ENERGY FOR AMERICA PROGRAM.

-Section 9007 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002

-(7 U.S.C. 8107) is amended--

-(1) in subsection (b)(3)--

+(a) In General.--Section 9007 of the Farm Security and Rural

+Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 8107) is amended--

+(1) in subsection (a), by inserting ``(referred to in this

+section as the `Program')'' after ``Program'';

+(2) in subsection (b)(3)--

(A) in subparagraph (D), by inserting ``, cost

savings,'' after ``savings'';

(B) in subparagraph (E), by striking ``and'' at the

@@ -14319,9 +15124,12 @@

(D) by adding at the end the following:

``(G) the potential of the proposed program to

meaningfully improve the financial conditions of the

-agricultural producers or rural small businesses.'';

-(2) in subsection (c)--

-(A) in paragraph (2)--

+agricultural producer or rural small business.'';

+(3) in subsection (c)--

+(A) in paragraph (1)(A)(i), by inserting ``,

+agricultural cooperatives with less than 2,500

+employees,'' before ``and rural'';

+(B) in paragraph (2)--

(i) in subparagraph (F), by striking

``and'' at the end;

(ii) by redesignating subparagraph (G) as

@@ -14331,16 +15139,82 @@

``(G) the potential improvements to the financial

conditions of the agricultural producer or rural small

business; and''; and

-(B) in paragraph (3)(B), by striking

+(C) in paragraph (3)(B), by striking

``$25,000,000'' and inserting ``$50,000,000'';

-(3) in subsection (f)(3), by striking ``2023'' and

+(4) by redesignating subsections (d), (e), and (f) as

+subsections (e), (f), and (g), respectively, and inserting

+after subsection (c) the following:

+``(d) Streamlined Application Process.--The Secretary shall develop

+a streamlined application process, including within each tier described

+in subsection (c)(4), under which an entity may apply for a grant under

+subsection (b), financial assistance under subsection (c), or a bundled

+application for a project with components eligible under clauses (i)

+and (ii) of subsection (c)(1)(A).'';

+(5) in subsection (e) (as so redesignated)--

+(A) in the subsection heading, by striking

+``Outreach'' and inserting ``Outreach, Technical

+Assistance, and Education'';

+(B) by striking ``that adequate'' and inserting the

+following: ``that--

+``(1) adequate'';

+(C) in paragraph (1) (as inserted by subparagraph

+(B) of this paragraph), by striking the period at the

+end and inserting a semicolon; and

+(D) by adding at the end the following:

+``(2) technical assistance is provided to entities seeking

+to apply for a grant or financial assistance under the Program;

+and

+``(3) outreach, technical assistance, and education is

+provided to recipients of grants and other financial assistance

+under the Program relating to integrating renewable energy

+projects on land shared with crops or livestock.'';

+(6) in subsection (g), (as so redesignated by paragraph (4)

+of this section)--

+(A) in paragraph (3), by striking ``2023'' and

inserting ``2031''; and

-(4) by adding at the end the following:

-``(g) Project Diversity.--In approving grant or loan guarantee

+(B) by adding at the end the following:

+``(4) Reserve fund.--

+``(A) In general.--Of the funds obligated under

+paragraph (1) for each fiscal year , not less than 10

+percent shall be deposited in a reserve fund in the

+Treasury and reserved for use in accordance with this

+subparagraph.

+``(B) Use of funds.--

+``(i) In general.--The Secretary shall use

+amounts reserved under subparagraph (A) to

+provide grants to support projects using

+underutilized renewable energy technologies.

+``(ii) Costs.--The amount of the grant for

+such a project shall not exceed 25 percent of

+the installation or maintenance costs of the

+project for the year in which the grant is

+awarded.

+``(C) Frequency of solicitations to fund.--The

+Secretary shall carry out at least 2 solicitations for

+applications for grants from the reserve fund in each

+fiscal year.

+``(D) Reallocation.--Any funds reserved under

+subparagraph (A) that remain unobligated 1 year after

+the end of the fiscal year in which made available

+under subparagraph (A) shall be reallocated to carry

+out the program established under this section.

+``(E) Definition of underutilized renewable energy

+technologies.--The term `underutilized renewable energy

+technologies' means renewable energy technologies for

+which have been expended not more than 20 percent of

+the average of the total amounts made available under

+this section for the 5 fiscal years most recently

+ending before the date of the enactment of this

+paragraph.''; and

+(7) by adding at the end the following:

+``(h) Project Diversity.--In approving grant or loan guarantee

applications under this section, the Secretary shall ensure that, to

the extent practicable, there is diversity in the types of projects

approved for grants or loan guarantees to ensure that as wide a range

as possible of technologies, products, and approaches are assisted.''.

+(b) Conforming Amendments.--Section 9007 of such Act (7 U.S.C.

+8107) is amended by striking ``subsection (f)'' each place it appears

+and inserting ``subsection (g)''.

SEC. 9008. FEEDSTOCK FLEXIBILITY.

@@ -14368,7 +15242,7 @@

Title IX of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7

U.S.C. 8101-8115) is amended by adding at the end the following:

-``SEC. 9015. STUDY ON EFFECTS OF SOLAR PANEL INSTALLATIONS ON COVERED

+``SEC. 9014. STUDY ON EFFECTS OF SOLAR PANEL INSTALLATIONS ON COVERED

FARMLAND.

``(a) In General.--The Secretary, in consultation with the

@@ -14416,7 +15290,7 @@

livestock;

``(B) manure management considerations;

``(C) fencing requirements; and

-``(D) other animal handling considerations;

+``(D) other animal-handling considerations;

``(6) study the compatibility of different crop types with

different solar panel system designs, including--

``(A) the optimal height of and distance between

@@ -14427,15 +15301,15 @@

or local tax incentives result in the development of covered

farmland under study;

``(8) recommend effective incentives that could shift solar

-panel installations towards the built environment, brownfield

+panel installations toward the built environment, brownfield

sites, and other contaminated sites;

``(9) evaluate the effectiveness of programs administered

-by the federal government related to solar energy development

+by the Federal Government related to solar energy development

that--

-``(A) results in the development of contaminated

+``(A) result in the development of contaminated

lands, the built environment, and other preferred

sites; and

-``(B) discourages solar panel installations that

+``(B) discourage solar panel installations that

would convert covered farmland out of agricultural

production; and

``(10) estimate the loss of agricultural production on

@@ -14456,9 +15330,11 @@

``(9) solar developers.

``(d) Report.--Within 2 years after the date of enactment of this

Act, the Secretary of Agriculture shall submit to the Committee on

-Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on

-Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate, a written report on

-the findings of the study and recommendations under this section.

+Agriculture and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of

+Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and

+Forestry and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the

+Senate a written report on the findings of the study and

+recommendations under this section.

``(e) Definitions.--In this section:

``(1) Covered farmland.--The term `covered farmland'

includes--

@@ -14475,13 +15351,14 @@

``(3) Secretary.--The term `Secretary' means the Secretary

of Agriculture.''.

-SEC. 9012. LIMITATION ON USDA FUNDING FOR GROUND MOUNTED SOLAR SYSTEMS.

+SEC. 9012. LIMITATION ON USDA FUNDING FOR GROUND-MOUNTED SOLAR ENERGY

+SYSTEMS.

Title IX of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7

U.S.C. 8101-8115) is further amended by adding at the end the

following:

-``SEC. 9016. LIMITATION ON USDA FUNDING FOR GROUND MOUNTED SOLAR ENERGY

+``SEC. 9015. LIMITATION ON USDA FUNDING FOR GROUND-MOUNTED SOLAR ENERGY

SYSTEMS.

``(a) Definitions.--In this section:

@@ -14518,7 +15395,7 @@

``(d) Covered Farmland Protection.--

``(1) Farmland conservation plan required.--A person who

has applied to the Secretary for financial assistance for a

-project to which subsection (c)(3) applies shall--

+project to which subsection (c)(2) applies shall--

``(A) develop a farmland conservation plan for the

project to--

``(i) implement best practices to protect

@@ -14537,7 +15414,7 @@

remediation and restoration of covered farmland to

carry out the farmland conservation plan described in

subparagraph (A).

-``(2) Obligation and disbursment of funds.--The Secretary

+``(2) Obligation and disbursement of funds.--The Secretary

may obligate financial assistance for a project described in

paragraph (1), but shall not disburse the financial assistance

until the Secretary has determined that the applicant for the

@@ -14572,12 +15449,12 @@

SEC. 9013. SUSTAINABLE AVIATION FUELS STRATEGY.

-The Secretary shall establish a Department-wide strategy to advance

+The Secretary shall establish a Departmentwide strategy to advance

the production of sustainable aviation fuels by--

(1) facilitating the collaboration between relevant

Department mission areas to encourage the advancement of the

sustainable aviation fuels supply chain, including utilization

-of agricultural crops grown for sustainable aviation fuel

+of agricultural crops grown for sustainable aviation fuels

production;

(2) identifying opportunities to maximize sustainable

aviation fuels development, deployment, and commercialization;

@@ -14585,10 +15462,133 @@

ranchers, foresters, and producers to capture opportunities in

the sustainable aviation fuels market;

(4) supporting rural economic development through

-sustainable aviation fuel production; and

-(5) promoting public private partnerships for the

+sustainable aviation fuels production; and

+(5) promoting public-private partnerships for the

development, deployment, and commercialization of sustainable

aviation fuels.

+SEC. 9014. LEVERAGING EFFICIENCY AWARENESS FOR PUMPING SYSTEMS.

+(a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:

+(1) There are over 600,000 pumping systems used for

+irrigation on agricultural land in the United States, many of

+which still rely on fossil fuels.

+(2) Improving the efficiency of agricultural irrigation

+pumping systems can save up to 22,000,000,000 kilowatt hours of

+energy per year and eliminate 8,300,000 metric tons of carbon

+emissions annually.

+(3) Energy savings from electrifying agricultural

+irrigation pumping systems can save farmers and ranchers more

+than $1,800,000,000 annually in energy costs.

+(4) Pumping systems play a central role in the watering of

+livestock and the management of animal waste in every State.

+(5) Pumping systems are a critical component of the

+Nation's $2,300,000,000 aquaculture industry.

+(6) Improving the efficiency of pumping systems used in

+raising livestock and fish can significantly reduce energy use,

+save producers millions of dollars annually, and provide

+meaningful reductions in carbon emissions.

+(7) Agricultural irrigation pumping systems utilizing

+plastic piping can provide significant drought relief benefits,

+dramatically reducing water losses from evaporation and

+seepage; agriculture uses 37 percent of the Nation's surface

+and ground water, 30 percent of which is lost to seepage and

+evaporation.

+(8) Reducing the friction in piping used for agricultural

+irrigation and livestock watering can provide meaningful energy

+and cost savings; there are potentially 2,500 kWh of energy

+savings for every 10 miles of plastic piping utilized in

+delivering water for crops and livestock.

+(9) Solar pumping systems can play an important role in

+protecting riparian habitat and improving water quality in

+streams, rivers, lakes, and estuaries through providing

+alternative watering options for livestock.

+(b) Information on Energy-Efficient Pumping Systems.--

+(1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of

+enactment of this section, the Secretary, in consultation with

+pumping system experts, in order to educate farmers on the

+benefits of energy-efficient pumping systems, shall develop and

+make publicly available on the website of the Department easily

+accessible information on cost savings, energy savings, water

+conservation, and carbon emissions reductions that can be

+realized through the use of energy-efficient pumping systems.

+(2) Contents.--In carrying out paragraph (1), the Secretary

+shall include information on--

+(A) pumps, pipes, motors, drives, and controls that

+can provide energy savings and cost savings, conserve

+water, and reduce carbon emissions; and

+(B) Department programs that provide farmers

+resources for acquiring energy-efficient pumping

+systems and drought management infrastructure,

+including the environmental quality incentives program,

+the Rural Energy for America Program, and the

+conservation stewardship program.

+(c) Energy Efficiency Preassessment Tool.--

+(1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of

+enactment of this section, the Secretary, in consultation with

+pumping system experts, in order to raise awareness of the

+benefits of energy-efficient pumping systems and increase

+participation in Department programs that promote energy

+efficiency, shall develop and make publicly available on the

+website of the Department a user-friendly tool to--

+(A) assist farmers in making a preliminary

+assessment of the energy efficiency of existing pumping

+systems; and

+(B) provide an estimate of potential energy

+savings, cost savings, and carbon emissions reductions

+that may be realized through pumping system

+improvements.

+(2) Requirements.--

+(A) Ease of use.--The Secretary shall ensure that

+the tool made available under paragraph (1) provides a

+user with projected energy savings, projected cost

+savings, and projected carbon emissions reductions

+through the input by the user of the following data

+relating to an existing pumping system:

+(i) Pump type.

+(ii) Flow rating and actual flow.

+(iii) Pressure rating and actual pressure.

+(iv) Speed rating and actual speed.

+(B) Considerations.--The Secretary shall ensure

+that the tool made available under paragraph (1)--

+(i) in assessing the energy efficiency of a

+pumping system, takes into consideration pumps,

+pipes, motors, drives, and controls associated

+with the pumping system; and

+(ii) in projecting the energy savings, cost

+savings, and carbon emissions reductions that

+may be realized through pumping system

+improvements, takes into consideration the cost

+of electricity and the profile of the existing

+pumping system.

+(d) Energy Auditor Education.--

+(1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of

+enactment of this section, the Secretary, in consultation with

+pumping system experts, in order to increase the effectiveness

+of Department of Agriculture energy efficiency programs, shall

+establish a process to educate persons performing energy

+efficiency audits for the Department of Agriculture on energy

+use and energy efficiency in pumping systems.

+(2) Implementation.--In carrying out paragraph (1), the

+Secretary shall consider the use of existing education and

+training programs focused on energy use and energy efficiency

+in pumping systems.

+(e) Conservation Stewardship Program Activities.--Section

+1240I(2)(B)(i) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa-

+21(2)(B)(i)) is amended by inserting ``and energy-efficient pumping

+systems'' before ``, as determined''.

+(f) Definition of Pumping System.--In this section, the term

+``pumping system'' means any pumps, pipes, motors, drives, and controls

+used to move water and other fluids on farms, ranches, and aquaculture

+operations.

+SEC. 9015. ADDING WASTE ENERGY RECOVERY TO THE RURAL ENERGY FOR AMERICA

+PROGRAM.

+Section 9001(15)(A) of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act

+of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 8101(15)(A)) is amended by striking ``or

+hydroelectric'' and inserting ``hydroelectric, or waste energy

+recovery''.

TITLE X--HORTICULTURE, MARKETING, AND REGULATORY REFORM

@@ -14718,8 +15718,8 @@

anaerobic digestion food waste-to-energy

projects'' before the period at the end; and

(ii) in subparagraph (B)--

-(I) in the subparagraph heading,

-strike ``PILOT'';

+(I) in the subparagraph heading, by

+striking ``PILOT'';

(II) in the matter preceding clause

(i), by inserting ``Tribal

governments,'' after ``local

@@ -14763,7 +15763,7 @@

subparagraph--

(aa) by inserting ``except

as provided in subparagraph

-(B)(i)'', before ``a

+(B)(i),'' before ``a

procedure''; and

(bb) by striking ``delta-9

tetrahydrocannabinol

@@ -14814,21 +15814,21 @@

following: ``total tetrahydrocannabinol concentration

(including tetrahydrocannabinolic acid) of not more than 0.3

percent in the plant''; and

-(2) in subsection (e)(3)--

+(3) in subsection (e)(3)--

(A) by amending subparagraph (A) to read as

follows:

``(A) Reporting.--

``(i) In general.--In the case of a State

department of agriculture or a Tribal

-government with respect to which a State or

+Government with respect to which a State or

Tribal plan is approved under subsection (b),

such State department of agriculture or Tribal

-government (as applicable) shall immediately

-report a hemp producer to the Attorney General,

+Government (as applicable) shall immediately

+report a hemp producer to the Attorney General

and, as applicable, the chief law enforcement

officer of the State or Indian tribe, if the

State department of agriculture or Tribal

-government (as applicable) determines that the

+Government (as applicable) determines that the

hemp producer has--

``(I) violated the State or Tribal

plan with a culpable mental state

@@ -14910,8 +15910,12 @@

tetrahydrocannabinol concentration

(including tetrahydrocannabinolic

acid)'';

-(vi) by striking subparagraph (F); and

-(vii) by adding at the end the following:

+(vi) in clause (v) (as redesignated by

+clause (iii) of this subparagraph), by

+inserting ``and'' after the semicolon at the

+end;

+(vii) by striking subparagraph (F); and

+(viii) by adding at the end the following:

``(B) may include--

``(i) notwithstanding subparagraph

(A)(iii), a procedure for the use of visual

@@ -15361,7 +16365,8 @@

redesignated), by striking ``are used''

and inserting ``be used'';

(iii) by redesignating subparagraphs (D)

-and (E) as subparagraphs (E) and (F); and

+and (E) as subparagraphs (E) and (F),

+respectively; and

(iv) by inserting after subparagraph (C)

the following:

``(D) Simplified applications.--

@@ -15430,7 +16435,7 @@

food chain coordination project; and

``(iv) to develop and implement a regional

outreach, technical assistance, and evaluation

-project.''.

+project.'';

(6) in subsection (f)(1)--

(A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``subsection

(d); or'' and inserting ``subsection (d)(5);'';

@@ -15495,9 +16500,9 @@

organic feedstuffs; and

``(iii) all other costs relating to the

production of organic milk;

-``(B) establishment of an Organic All Milk Prices

-Survey, which shall be analogous to the existing All

-Milk Prices Survey conducted by the National

+``(B) the establishment of an Organic All Milk

+Prices Survey, which shall be analogous to the existing

+All Milk Prices Survey conducted by the National

Agricultural Statistics Service, to gather and report

monthly data about the amounts organic dairy farmers

are being paid for organic milk and prices received for

@@ -15568,6 +16573,139 @@

(4) the Secretary's recommendations for administrative,

regulatory, and legislative changes to improve such procurement

process.

+SEC. 10107. DEFINITIONS OF RISK TO ORGANIC INTEGRITY AND OVERSIGHT

+PROTOCOLS.

+Section 2103 of the Organic Foods Production Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C.

+6502) is amended--

+(1) by redesignating paragraphs (20) through (22) as

+paragraphs (22) through (24), respectively;

+(2) by redesignating paragraphs (16) through (19) as

+paragraphs (17) through (20), respectively;

+(3) by inserting after paragraph (15) the following:

+``(16) Oversight protocols.--The term `oversight protocols'

+means the regulations, policies, and procedures issued by the

+Secretary under the authorities provided in sections 2104,

+2107, 2114, 2115, 2116, and 2120.''; and

+(4) by inserting after paragraph (20), as so redesignated,

+the following:

+``(21) Risk to organic integrity.--The term `risk to

+organic integrity' means the likelihood that a product marketed

+as organically produced is, or contains, an agricultural

+product that was not produced using a system of organic farming

+in compliance with this title, not processed in compliance with

+this title, or both.''.

+SEC. 10108. MODERNIZATION OF INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS.

+Paragraph (5) of section 2107(a) of the Organic Foods Production

+Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 6506(a)) is amended to read as follows:

+``(5) provide for annual inspections by the certifying

+agent of each farm and handling operation that has been

+certified under this title, which inspections shall be--

+``(A) in the case of a farm or handling operation

+site located outside of the United States, conducted

+on-site;

+``(B) in the case of a farm or handling operation

+site located in the United States, conducted on-site

+once every three years with intervening annual

+inspections being conducted on-site or virtually based

+on the farm's or handling operation's risk to organic

+integrity, as determined by the Secretary; and

+``(C) in the case of a handling operation that

+acquires but does not physically receive, process,

+package, or store organic products, conducted through

+inspection methods, including virtual methods, that

+provide sufficient assurance of compliance, as

+determined by the Secretary;''.

+SEC. 10109. STUDY AND REFORM OF NATIONAL ORGANIC PROGRAM OVERSIGHT

+PROTOCOLS.

+The Organic Foods Production Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 6501 et seq.),

+as amended by section 10105, is further amended by inserting after

+section 2122B (as added by such section 10105) the following:

+``SEC. 2122C. STUDY AND REFORM OF NATIONAL ORGANIC PROGRAM OVERSIGHT

+PROTOCOLS.

+``(a) Study.--Not later than 12 months after the date of enactment

+of this section, the Secretary shall conduct a comprehensive study for

+the purpose of determining whether the establishment of oversight

+protocols based on risk to organic integrity and the implementation of

+related reforms are necessary and appropriate.

+``(b) Elements.--

+``(1) In general.--In conducting the study under subsection

+(a), the Secretary shall examine the feasibility,

+opportunities, and implications of implementing oversight

+protocols that--

+``(A) are based on risk to organic integrity;

+``(B) include differential treatment of non-

+compliance that increases the risk to organic integrity

+versus non-compliance that does not;

+``(C) adopt standardized organic plans under

+section 2114 aligned with the risk to organic

+integrity;

+``(D) include a multi-tiered approach to

+certification aligned with the risk to organic

+integrity and the scale of the organic operation; and

+``(E) provide increased guidance and

+interpretations of standards and criteria established

+under this title given by the National Organic Program

+to certifying agents and to certified organic farms and

+handling operations.

+``(2) Consideration of relevant factors.--In administering

+paragraph (1), the Secretary shall, with respect to certified

+organic farms, certified organic handling operations, and

+certifying agents, take into account--

+``(A) the scope of certification or accreditation

+of each entity;

+``(B) the scale and complexity of each entity;

+``(C) the domestic or international location of

+each entity;

+``(D) the history of compliance of each entity; and

+``(E) other relevant factors.

+``(c) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the date of enactment

+of this section, the Secretary shall submit to the appropriate

+congressional committees, and make publicly available on the websites

+of the Department of Agriculture, a report describing the findings of

+the study conducted under subsection (a).

+``(d) Consultation.--In conducting the study under subsection (a),

+the Secretary shall consult with--

+``(1) the National Organic Standards Board;

+``(2) certifying agents;

+``(3) certified organic farms and handling operations;

+``(4) organic consumers; and

+``(5) other relevant organic stakeholders.

+``(e) Authority to Establish Additional Terms and Conditions.--

+``(1) Issuance of regulations.--Based on the findings

+described in the report under subsection (c), and after

+consultation with the appropriate congressional committees, the

+Secretary may issue regulations to establish or modify

+oversight protocols under this title that the Secretary

+determines are necessary and appropriate, provided such

+regulations maintain strong organic integrity, support a

+resilient domestic organic sector, and are consistent with the

+requirements of this title.

+``(2) Reducing oversight costs; prioritization.--In issuing

+the regulations under paragraph (1), the Secretary may seek

+to--

+``(A) reduce oversight costs and administrative

+burdens for certified organic farms, certified organic

+handling operations, and certifying agents that present

+a lower risk to organic integrity; or

+``(B) prioritize oversight resources for activities

+that present a higher risk to organic integrity.

+``(f) Appropriate Congressional Committees Defined.--In this

+section, the term `appropriate congressional committees' means--

+``(1) the Committee on Agriculture of the House of

+Representatives; and

+``(2) the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry

+of the Senate.

+``(g) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be

+construed to limit the Secretary's authority to enforce compliance with

+this title to protect organic integrity.''.

Subtitle C--Regulatory Reform

@@ -15827,7 +16965,7 @@

``(v) Availability.--All reports required

under this subparagraph shall be published on

the website of the Environmental Protection

-Agency.''.

+Agency.''; and

(3) by amending subparagraph (E) to read as follows:

``(E) Consultation.--

``(i) Working group with private sector.--

@@ -15848,7 +16986,7 @@

Before the Administrator implements any policy,

strategy, workplan, or pilot program regarding

the application of the Endangered Species Act

-of 1973 (16 U.S.C.1531 et seq.) to the

+of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) to the

processes for the registration or registration

review of a pesticide under this Act, the

Administrator shall--

@@ -15921,9 +17059,9 @@

(a) In General.--Section 24(b) of the Federal Insecticide,

Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (7 U.S.C. 136v(b)) shall be applied to

require uniformity in pesticide labeling nationally, and to prohibit

-any State, instrumentality or political subdivision thereof, or a court

-from directly or indirectly imposing or continuing in effect any

-requirements for, or penalize or hold liable any entity for failing to

+any State, instrumentality, or political subdivision thereof, or a

+court from directly or indirectly imposing or continuing in effect any

+requirements for, or penalize or hold liable, any entity for failing to

comply with requirements that would require labeling or packaging that

is in addition to or different from the labeling or packaging approved

by the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency (referred

@@ -15942,7 +17080,7 @@

Section 24 of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide

Act (7 U.S.C. 136v) is amended--

-(1) in the section heading by inserting ``and localities''

+(1) in the section heading, by inserting ``and localities''

after ``states''; and

(2) by adding at the end the following:

``(d) Local Regulation.--A political subdivision of a State shall

@@ -16008,7 +17146,7 @@

(d) Definitions.--In this section:

(1) Covered entity.--The term ``covered entity'' means--

(A) any Federal agency, agency of a State or

-political subdivision thereof, or Tribal agency,

+political subdivision thereof, or Tribal agency

authorized by law to conduct an aerial application of

fire retardants and water enhancers for wildfire

suppression, control, or prevention activities; and

@@ -16061,7 +17199,7 @@

``(4) perform such other functions as may be required under

Federal law or prescribed by the Secretary.

``(d) Interagency Coordination.--In carrying out the duties under

-subsection (b), the Director of the Office of Biotechnology Policy

+subsection (c), the Director of the Office of Biotechnology Policy

shall provide leadership to ensure coordination of interagency

activities with the Environmental Protection Agency, the Food and Drug

Administration, and other Federal and State agencies.

@@ -16104,14 +17242,14 @@

``(1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date

of the enactment of this subsection, the Secretary shall--

``(A) establish a Specialty Crop Advisory Committee

-(in this subsection, referred to as `the Committee');

+(in this subsection referred to as `the Committee');

and

``(B) appoint to the Committee in accordance with

paragraph (2) the initial members that will assist the

Corporation in the research, creation, and improvement

of policies or plans of insurance for specialty crops.

``(2) Composition.--

-``(A) Chairperson.--The chairperson of the

+``(A) Chairperson.--The Chairperson of the

Committee shall be an individual with experience in

crop insurance and the unique nature of the specialty

crop industry.

@@ -16123,29 +17261,29 @@

to specialty crop production;

``(ii) not less than 5 producers and not

more than 10 total members; and

-``(iii) not less than one producer from

-each of the West, Midwest, South, and Northeast

+``(iii) not less than 1 producer from each

+of the West, Midwest, South, and Northeast

regions of the United States (as identified by

the Bureau of the Census).

``(3) Duties.--The Committee established by this subsection

shall--

-``(A) advise the manager of the Corporation on

+``(A) advise the Manager of the Corporation on

issues relating to specialty crop insurance policies;

``(B) provide input, through the Chairperson of the

Committee, to the Board on decisions relating to

specialty crop insurance policies;

``(C) review available educational programs and

-make recommendations to the manager of the Corporation

+make recommendations to the Manager of the Corporation

on how to enhance the effectiveness of such programs

for specialty crop producers;

-``(D) provide recommendations to the manager of the

+``(D) provide recommendations to the Manager of the

Corporation regarding the presentation of policies to

the Board required by section 508(a)(6);

-``(E) advise the manager of the Corporation on

+``(E) advise the Manager of the Corporation on

entering into partnerships to carry out subsections (d)

and (e)(2)(B) of section 522; and

-``(F) meet not less than two times each year to

-carry out these duties.''.

+``(F) meet not less than 2 times each year to carry

+out these duties.''.

(b) Specialty Crops Coordinator.--Section 507(g)(2) of the Federal

Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1507(g)(2)) is amended to read as follows:

``(2) Responsibilities.--

@@ -16225,7 +17363,7 @@

SEC. 11004. COVERAGE OF REVENUE LOSSES.

Section 508(a)(1) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C.

-1508(a)) is amended, in the second sentence, by inserting ``or a

+1508(a)(1)) is amended, in the second sentence, by inserting ``or a

decline in the market price of the insured commodity, so long as such

decline was not directly caused by the producer (as determined by the

Secretary)'' before the period at the end.

@@ -16236,12 +17374,11 @@

seq.) is amended--

(1) in section 508(c)(4)(C)(iv) in the heading, by striking

``crops and''; and

-(2) in section 508B(f) is amended by striking ``Effective

-beginning with the 2019 crop year'' and inserting ``Effective

-for the 2019 through 2025 crop years''.

+(2) in section 508B(f), by striking ``Effective beginning

+with the 2019 crop year'' and inserting ``Effective for the

+2019 through 2025 crop years''.

(b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 1115 of the Agricultural Act of

-2014 (7 U.S.C. 9015) is amended by adding at the end the following

-subsection:

+2014 (7 U.S.C. 9015) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``(j) Limitation.--Beginning with the 2026 crop year, in the case

of a farm for which a producer obtains coverage under the Stacked

Income Protection Plan for upland cotton under section 508B of the

@@ -16253,15 +17390,15 @@

SEC. 11006. LIMITATION ON INTEREST ACCRUAL.

-Section 508(d) of Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1508(d)) is

-amended by inserting at the end the following new paragraph:

-``(5) Limitation on interest accrued.--Effective beginning

+Section 508(d) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1508(d))

+is amended by inserting at the end the following new paragraph:

+``(5) Limitation on interest accrual.--Effective beginning

with the 2026 reinsurance year, in the case of a producer that

is delinquent in paying a premium or administrative fee, an

approved insurance provider may charge such producer with

respect to such delinquency an amount less than or equal to 1

percent of the simple interest of the amount for which such

-producer is delinquent, for each month (not to exceed 60-

+producer is delinquent, for each month (not to exceed 60

consecutive months) the producer is so delinquent.''.

SEC. 11007. CROP INSURANCE SUPPORT FOR BEGINNING AND VETERAN FARMERS

@@ -16304,7 +17441,7 @@

and other product development

information submitted to the

Board during its review under

-this subsection, and;

+this subsection; and

``(cc) be subject to the

confidentiality requirements as

applicable to the Board

@@ -16317,7 +17454,7 @@

approved by the Board under this subsection

during a reinsurance year and after the

Standard Reinsurance Agreement closing date of

-July 1, shall not be implemented for such

+July 1 shall not be implemented for such

reinsurance year unless at least 90 days prior

to the sales closing date for such policy, plan

of insurance, or other material, the Board

@@ -16336,7 +17473,7 @@

marketability of such product.

``(ii) Deemed marketable.--In reviewing a

policy, plan of insurance, or other material

-submitted to the Board under this subsection

+submitted to the Board under this subsection,

such product shall be deemed marketable in

accordance with paragraph (3)(A)(ii)(I) if at

least one approved insurance provider, in its

@@ -16348,12 +17485,12 @@

Board shall take into consideration any

information and analysis submitted pursuant to

clause (ii).

-``(iv) Aip participation.--The Board shall

+``(iv) AIP participation.--The Board shall

not require the submission of a letter of

support from an approved insurance provider in

order to review and approve any policy, plan of

-insurance, or other materials submitted

-pursuant to this subsection.''.

+insurance, or other material submitted pursuant

+to this subsection.''.

SEC. 11009. REIMBURSEMENT RATES FOR ADMINISTRATIVE AND OPERATING COSTS.

@@ -16377,7 +17514,7 @@

(D) by adding at the end the following:

``(iii) for each of the 2027 and subsequent

reinsurance years, be determined in accordance

-with subparagraph (F).''.

+with subparagraph (F).''; and

(2) by amending subparagraph (F) to read as follows:

``(F) Reimbursement rates for reinsurance year 2027

and subsequent reinsurance years.--Notwithstanding

@@ -16431,8 +17568,8 @@

SEC. 11011. PILOT PROGRAM TO REVIEW EFFECTIVENESS OF COVERAGE PENALTY.

-The Federal Crop Insurance Act is amended by inserting after

-section 508D the following:

+The Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.) is further

+amended by inserting after section 508D the following:

``SEC. 508E. PILOT PROGRAM TO REVIEW EFFECTIVENESS OF COVERAGE PENALTY.

@@ -16448,8 +17585,7 @@

within or adjacent to the North Plains Groundwater Conservation

District or the Panhandle Groundwater Conservation District in

the State of Texas; and

-``(2) operate for a period of not less than four crop

-years.

+``(2) operate for a period of not less than 4 crop years.

``(c) Evaluation.--In carrying out the pilot program established

under subsection (a), the Risk Management Agency and the Corporation

shall--

@@ -16541,10 +17677,10 @@

determination.--An approved insurance provider shall

have not more than 90 days after the receipt of the

Corporation's final finding under subparagraph (C) to

-request, in writing, a final agency determination, if

-such approved insurance provider has reason to believe

-that the Corporation's final finding under subparagraph

-(C) is not in accordance with--

+request, in writing, a final administrative

+determination, if such approved insurance provider has

+reason to believe that the Corporation's final finding

+under subparagraph (C) is not in accordance with--

``(i) the applicable laws, regulations,

custom, or practice of the crop insurance

industry; or

@@ -16559,10 +17695,10 @@

approved insurance provider.

``(F) Appeal to civilian board of contract

appeals.--An approved insurance provider shall have not

-more than 90 days after receipt of final administrative

-determination provided pursuant to subparagraph (E) to

-appeal such determination to the Civilian Board of

-Contract Appeals.''; and

+more than 90 days after receipt of a final

+administrative determination provided pursuant to

+subparagraph (E) to appeal such determination to the

+Civilian Board of Contract Appeals.''; and

(4) by amending paragraph (3) to read as follows:

``(3) Effect of failure to timely notify.--

``(A) In general.--Except as provided in

@@ -16577,7 +17713,7 @@

SEC. 11014. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PRIORITIES.

(a) Expansion of Revenue Policies.--Section 522(c) of the Federal

-Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 522(c)) is amended by adding at the end

+Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1522(c)) is amended by adding at the end

the following:

``(20) Expansion of revenue policies.--

``(A) In general.--The Corporation shall carry out

@@ -16603,18 +17739,28 @@

described in subparagraph (A) available if the

requirements of section 508(h) are met.

``(C) Determination of projected price.--In

-developing a policy described in subparagraph (A) the

+developing a policy described in subparagraph (A), the

Corporation may utilize alternative methods of

determining a projected price for a crop, including the

correlation of actual prices received for such crop to

the futures markets prices of other commodities.

``(D) Pricing library.--In developing a policy

-described in subparagraph (A) the Corporation shall

+described in subparagraph (A), the Corporation shall

determine the feasibility of creating a pricing library

for agents and approved insurance providers using data

from alternative sources, as determined by the

Secretary.

-``(E) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the

+``(E) Discount factor.--For purposes of developing

+a policy described in subparagraph (A), the Corporation

+shall determine the feasibility of--

+``(i) establishing a State or regional

+discount factor as an endorsement policy to

+provide coverage against losses of revenue due

+to quality discounts in soybeans; and

+``(ii) an alternative to applying the term

+`zero-market value' in the case of an available

+salvage market.

+``(F) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the

date of enactment of this paragraph, the Corporation

shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the

House of Representatives and the Committee on

@@ -16656,8 +17802,8 @@

Committees on Appropriations and Agriculture,

Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report that

includes--

-``(i) the results of the research conducted

-under subparagraph (A);

+``(i) the results of the research carried

+out under subparagraph (A);

``(ii) a description of the policies made

available under this paragraph; and

``(iii) the feasibility of a product that

@@ -16682,8 +17828,8 @@

508(a)(2), the Corporation shall make a policy

described in subparagraph (A) available if the

requirements of section 508(h) are met.

-``(C) Research and development described.--Research

-and development described in subparagraph (A) shall

+``(C) Research and development.--Research and

+development described in subparagraph (A) shall

evaluate the effectiveness of policies described in

that subparagraph, including policies that--

``(i) are based on the risk of--

@@ -16694,7 +17840,7 @@

``(ii) consider other causes of loss

applicable to mushroom compost and mushroom

production, such as--

-``(I) a loss of electricity due to

+``(I) loss of electricity due to

weather; and

``(II) loss of growing media due to

excessive 5-year, 10-year, or 20-year

@@ -16732,8 +17878,8 @@

more contracts with 1 or more qualified persons to

conduct a study to determine the feasibility of

offering insurance against tropical storms and

-hurricanes made available regardless of underlying crop

-insurance policy (or lack thereof).

+hurricanes made available regardless of an underlying

+crop insurance policy (or lack thereof).

``(B) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date

of enactment of this paragraph, the Corporation shall

submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of

@@ -16752,7 +17898,7 @@

based policy to insure crops (including table grapes,

wine grapes, juice grapes, tomatoes, peppers,

sugarcane, strawberries, melons, citrus, peaches,

-blueberries, and any other crop) on a nationally-

+blueberries, and any other crop) on a nationally

available basis against losses due to a frost or cold

weather event.

``(B) Research and development.--Research and

@@ -16772,7 +17918,7 @@

Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report that

describes--

``(i) the results of the research and

-development carried out under this paragraph;

+development carried out under subparagraph (A);

and

``(ii) any recommendations with respect to

those results.''.

@@ -16805,7 +17951,7 @@

benefits associated with incorporating covered

oilseed crops into double cropping and

rotational cropping policies, specifically with

-respect to winter planted covered oilseed

+respect to winter-planted covered oilseed

crops, including risk management benefits to

soil health, biodiversity, and the

profitability of farming operations.

@@ -16851,8 +17997,8 @@

Committees on Appropriations and Agriculture,

Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report that

includes--

-``(i) the results of the research conducted

-under subparagraph (A); and

+``(i) the results of the research carried

+out under subparagraph (A); and

``(ii) a description of the policies made

available under this paragraph.''.

(h) Prevented Planting.--Section 522(c) of the Federal Crop

@@ -16873,10 +18019,31 @@

Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the

Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of

the Senate a report that includes--

-``(i) the results of the research conducted

-under subparagraph (A); and

+``(i) the results of the research carried

+out under subparagraph (A); and

``(ii) any recommendations with respect to

those results.''.

+(i) Policy for Swine Producers for Catastrophic Events.--Section

+522(c) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1522(c)) is further

+amended by adding at the end the following:

+``(28) Policy for swine producers for catastrophic

+events.--

+``(A) In general.--For purposes of updating any

+conclusions contained in the final report for the study

+on swine catastrophic disease published by the Risk

+Management Agency in 2015, the Corporation shall carry

+out research and development, or offer to enter into 1

+or more contracts with 1 or more qualified persons to

+carry out research and development, regarding a policy

+to insure swine producers with respect to financial

+losses due to a catastrophic event.

+``(B) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date

+of the enactment of this paragraph, the Corporation

+shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the

+House of Representatives and the Committee on

+Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a

+report that describes the results of the research and

+development carried out under subparagraph (A).''.

SEC. 11015. REPORT ON STANDARD REINSURANCE AGREEMENT.

@@ -16900,7 +18067,7 @@

fund for States that have experienced

consistently high loss ratios; and

(ii) at least one additional reinsurance

-fund to provide alternative risk sharing terms

+fund to provide alternative risk-sharing terms

for approved insurance providers that sell

insurance contracts offering area plan

coverage;

@@ -16963,6 +18130,69 @@

with the Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric

Administration.

+SEC. 11017. RISK MANAGEMENT STUDY FOR LAMB.

+(a) In General.--The Secretary shall conduct a study that includes

+an analysis of any modifications to existing livestock protection and

+risk management programs that may enhance risk management protection to

+domestic lamb producers.

+(b) Content.--In conducting the study under this section, the

+Secretary shall take into account the various factors affecting risk

+management, including--

+(1) market access;

+(2) sources of feed;

+(3) costs of, and fluctuation of costs of, feed;

+(4) imports;

+(5) consumer demand and trends;

+(6) labor costs; and

+(7) availability and accuracy of market data.

+(c) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of

+this section, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on

+Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on

+Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report on the

+findings of the study under this section.

+(d) Definition.--In this section, the term ``existing livestock

+protection and risk management programs'' includes--

+(1) dairy margin coverage;

+(2) livestock risk protection; and

+(3) any other program designed to protect producers from

+market volatility, as determined by the Secretary.

+SEC. 11018. STUDY ON LIVESTOCK RISK PROTECTION POLICY WITH RESPECT TO

+PRODUCERS OF FEEDER CATTLE AFFECTED BY ADVERSE WEATHER

+EVENTS.

+(a) In General.--The Secretary shall conduct a study on potential

+modifications to the livestock risk protection policy offered under

+section 523(b) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1523(b)) to

+improve the flexibility of such policy with respect to producers of

+feeder cattle affected by adverse weather events, as determined by the

+Secretary, including drought and wildfires.

+(b) Contents.--In conducting the study under this section, the

+Secretary shall, with respect to producers of feeder cattle, evaluate--

+(1) any impact drought, wildfire, and other adverse weather

+events have on decisions made by such producers related to the

+marketing of feeder cattle;

+(2) in the case an adverse weather event occurs more than

+60 days prior to the end date of a specific coverage

+endorsement under the livestock risk protection policy

+described in subsection (a), whether the requirements or

+endorsement structures of such policy (as in effect on the date

+of enactment of this section) cause such producers not to

+market feeder cattle so as to avoid a penalty under such

+policy;

+(3) any option to provide additional flexibility or an

+exemption to such producers that market feeder cattle more than

+60 days prior to such end date due to an adverse weather event;

+and

+(4) any other recommendation to improve the effectiveness

+of such policy for such producers.

+(c) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of

+this section, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on

+Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on

+Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report describing

+the findings of the study.

TITLE XII--MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

Subtitle A--Livestock and Other Animals

@@ -16996,7 +18226,18 @@

bank.--Section 10409A(d)(2)(B) of the Animal Health Protection

Act (7 U.S.C. 8308a(d)(2)(B)) is amended by striking ``2019

through 2023'' and inserting ``2027 through 2031''.

-(3) Availability and purpose of funding.--Section

+(3) Administrative costs.--Section 10409A(d)(3)(B) of the

+Animal Health Protection Act (7 U.S.C. 8308a(d)(3)(B)) is

+amended--

+(A) by striking ``carry out the National Animal

+Disease Preparedness and Response Program under

+subsection (b)'' and inserting ``carry out the National

+Animal Health Laboratory Network under subsection (a)

+and the National Animal Disease Preparedness and

+Response Program under subsection (b)''; and

+(B) by striking ``10 percent'' and inserting ``15

+percent''.

+(4) Availability and purpose of funding.--Section

10409A(e)(1) of the Animal Health Protection Act (7 U.S.C.

8308a(e)(1)) is amended by striking ``2019 through 2023'' and

inserting ``2027 through 2031''.

@@ -17347,7 +18588,7 @@

following:

(A) The Under Secretary for Farm Production and

Conservation.

-(B) The Under Secretary for Food, Nutrition and

+(B) The Under Secretary for Food, Nutrition, and

Consumer Services.

(D) The Under Secretary for Food Safety.

@@ -17356,6 +18597,90 @@

(F) The Under Secretary for Trade and Foreign

Agricultural Affairs.

(G) Other officials, as specified by the Secretary.

+SEC. 12008. PROTECTION OF GREYHOUNDS.

+(a) In General.--The Animal Welfare Act (7 U.S.C. 2131 et seq.) is

+amended by adding at the end the following:

+``SEC. 30. PROTECTION OF GREYHOUNDS.

+``(a) In General.--It shall be unlawful--

+``(1) for any person to knowingly engage in commercial

+greyhound racing, live lure training, or open field coursing

+events in which any greyhound is moved in interstate or foreign

+commerce;

+``(2) to conduct any commercial greyhound racing or racing

+meeting where any form of betting or wagering on the speed or

+ability of greyhounds occurs;

+``(3) to conduct open field coursing or live lure training

+with the use of any bait that is not an inanimate object;

+``(4) to engage in or facilitate simulcast betting or

+wagering on greyhound races in interstate or foreign commerce;

+and

+``(5) for any person to knowingly sell, buy, possess,

+train, transport, deliver, or receive any greyhound for

+purposes of having the greyhound participate in commercial

+greyhound racing, live lure training, or open field coursing

+events.

+``(b) Investigations.--The Secretary, or any other person

+authorized by the Secretary, shall make such investigations as the

+Secretary determines necessary to determine whether any person has

+violated or is violating any provision of this section. The Secretary

+may obtain the assistance of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the

+Department of the Treasury, or other law enforcement agencies of the

+United States, and State and local governmental agencies, in the

+conduct of such investigations, under cooperative agreements with such

+agencies.

+``(c) Penalties.--Any person who violates any of paragraphs (1)

+through (5) of subsection (a) shall be fined under this Act, imprisoned

+for not more than 7 years, or both, for each such violation. Each

+instance of a violation of any such paragraph shall be considered a

+single violation.

+``(d) Definitions.--In this section:

+``(1) Commercial greyhound racing.--The term `commercial

+greyhound racing' means any event involving the participation

+of greyhounds in which betting or wagering on the speed or

+ability of such greyhounds occurs.

+``(2) Simulcast.--The term `simulcast' means the

+simultaneous audio or visual transmission from one location of

+foreign or domestic greyhound races taking place at a different

+location and gambling on the results of such races.''.

+(b) Definition of Animal.--Section 2(g) of the Animal Welfare Act

+(7 U.S.C. 2132(g)) is amended by inserting ``hare,'' after ``rabbit,''.

+(c) Applicability.--The amendments made by this section shall apply

+with respect to conduct occurring on or after October 1, 2027.

+(d) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section, or the

+amendments made by this section, shall be construed--

+(1) to preempt any State law prohibiting gambling or

+protecting the welfare of animals, including greyhounds,

+jackrabbits, and hares; or

+(2) to alter, limit, or extend the relationship between the

+Interstate Horseracing Act of 1978 (15 U.S.C. 3001 et seq.) as

+it relates to horse racing and other Federal laws in effect on

+the date of enactment of this Act.

+SEC. 12009. ANIMAL FIGHTING.

+Section 26 of the Animal Welfare Act (7 U.S.C. 2156) is amended--

+(1) by striking the section designation and all that

+follows through ``It shall be unlawful'' in subsection (a)(2)

+and inserting the following:

+``SEC. 26. SPONSORING OR EXHIBITING AN ANIMAL IN, ATTENDING, CAUSING AN

+INDIVIDUAL WHO HAS NOT ATTAINED THE AGE OF 16 TO ATTEND,

+OR GAMBLING ON, AN ANIMAL FIGHTING VENTURE.

+``(a) Sponsoring or Exhibiting.--

+``(1) In general.--It shall be unlawful for any person to

+knowingly sponsor or exhibit an animal in an animal fighting

+venture.

+``(2) Attending or causing an individual who has not

+attained the age of 16 to attend.--It shall be unlawful''; and

+(2) in subsection (a), by adding at the end the following:

+``(3) Animal venture gambling.--It shall be unlawful for

+any person to gamble on an animal fighting venture, including

+an in-person or broadcast event.''.

PART II--MEAT AND POULTRY PROCESSING AND INSPECTION

@@ -17575,7 +18900,7 @@

Act (21 U.S.C. 623(d)); and

(D) Federal regulations pertaining to--

-(i) sanitation standards and record keeping

+(i) sanitation standards and record-keeping

requirements for custom exempt facilities; and

(ii) the handling and disposition of

specified risk materials;

@@ -17790,58 +19115,6 @@

(2) in subsection (b)(1), by striking ``this subsection''

and inserting ``this section''.

-SEC. 12206. OFFICE OF THE OMBUDSMAN.

-Title III of the Federal Crop Insurance Reform and Department of

-Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 2231b et seq.) is

-amended by adding at the end the following:

-``SEC. 310. OFFICE OF THE OMBUDSMAN.

-``(a) In General.--Not later than 120 days after the date of

-enactment of this section, the Secretary shall establish within the

-Department an Office of the Ombudsman (in this section referred to as

-the `Office'). The Office shall be independent of Department agencies

-and offices.

-``(b) Ombudsman.--The Office shall be headed by an Ombudsman that

-shall--

-``(1) be considered a senior official; and

-``(2) have a background in civil rights enforcement.

-``(c) Functions.--The functions of the Office shall be to--

-``(1) assist producers and other customers of Department

-programs in navigating the civil rights review process;

-``(2) ensure that participants (as defined in section 271)

-are aware of the appeals process under subtitle H of title II,

-including informal hearings under section 275;

-``(3) promote awareness of the Office and its

-responsibilities among producers and other customers of

-Department programs; and

-``(4) raise issues and concerns with respect to, and make

-recommendations to the Secretary about, equitable access or

-implementation of Department programs.

-``(d) Access to Information.--The Secretary shall establish

-procedures to provide the Ombudsman access to all departmental records

-necessary to execute the functions of the Office under subsection (d)

-not later than 60 days after a request from the Ombudsman for such

-information.

-``(e) Effect on Procedures for Grievances, Appeals, or

-Administrative Matters.--The establishment of the Office shall not

-affect any procedures for grievances, appeals, or administrative

-matters in any other provision of this Act, any other provision of law,

-or any other Federal regulation.

-``(f) Annual Report.--Beginning not later than 1 year after the

-date of enactment of this section, and annually thereafter, the

-Ombudsman shall prepare and submit to the Committee on Agriculture of

-the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture,

-Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report on--

-``(1) the activities carried out by the Office; and

-``(2) the findings and recommendation of the Office with

-respect to equitable access or implementation of Department

-programs.

-``(g) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be

-appropriated $1,000,000 to carry out this section for each of fiscal

-years 2027 through 2031.''.

Subtitle C--National Security

SEC. 12301. AGRICULTURAL FOREIGN INVESTMENT DISCLOSURE IMPROVEMENTS.

@@ -17885,10 +19158,12 @@

(d) Civil Penalties.--Section 3 of the Agricultural Foreign

Investment Disclosure Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 3502) is amended--

(1) by redesignating subsection (b) as subsection (c);

-(2) in subsection (a), in the matter preceding paragraph

-(1), by striking ``(a) If the'' and all that follows through

-``Any such civil penalty shall be recoverable'' and inserting

-the following:

+(2) by striking the section designation and heading and all

+that follows through ``Any such civil penalty shall be

+recoverable'' and inserting the following:

+``SEC. 3. CIVIL PENALTIES.

``(a) In General.--A person shall be subject to a civil penalty

imposed by the Secretary if the Secretary determines that the person--

``(1) has failed to submit a report in accordance with the

@@ -18098,14 +19373,18 @@

term''; and

(B) by inserting a paragraph heading, the text of

which comprises the term defined in that paragraph;

-(3) by redesignating paragraphs (2) through (6) as

+(3) in each of paragraphs (1) through (4), by striking the

+semicolon and inserting a period;

+(4) in paragraph (5), by striking ``; and'' and inserting a

+period;

+(5) by redesignating paragraphs (2) through (6) as

paragraphs (3), (4), (6), (7), and (8), respectively;

-(4) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following:

+(6) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following:

``(2) Foreign entity of concern.--The term `foreign entity

of concern' has the meaning given the term in section 9901 of

the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization

Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4651).''; and

-(5) by inserting after paragraph (4) (as so redesignated)

+(7) by inserting after paragraph (4) (as so redesignated)

the following:

``(5) Malign effort.--The term `malign effort' means any

hostile effort undertaken by, at the direction of, on behalf

@@ -18264,8 +19543,12 @@

(3) in subsection (f), by striking ``1 year after the date

of enactment of this Act'' and inserting ``2 years after the

date of enactment of the Farm, Food, and National Security Act

-of 2026''; and

-(4) in subsection (m), by striking ``2023'' and inserting

+of 2026'';

+(4) by amending subsection (l) to read as follows:

+``(l) Federal Advisory Committees.--Sections 1008 and 1013 of title

+5, United States Code, shall not apply to the Commission or any

+proceeding of the Commission.''; and

+(5) in subsection (m), by striking ``2023'' and inserting

``2031''.

SEC. 12402. REPORT ON PERSONNEL.

@@ -18383,26 +19666,6 @@

subsection (f) (prohibiting delivery of certain animals without

certificate of inspection), subsection (g), and subsection (h)

as subsections (g) through (i), respectively.

-(c) Confiscation for Unrelieved Suffering.--

-(1) In general.--Section 13 of the Animal Welfare Act (7

-U.S.C. 2143) is amended by adding at the end the following:

-``(i) The Secretary shall promulgate such rules and regulations as

-may be necessary to, during the inspection process under section 16--

-``(1) provide for the notification of law enforcement

-officials of appropriate jurisdiction (including local law

-enforcement) or the State animal health official (or designee

-of such official); or

-``(2) consider immediate confiscation or destruction of a

-dog, in the event that such dog is determined to be in a state

-of unrelieved suffering.''.

-(2) Definition.--Section 2 of the Animal Welfare Act (7

-U.S.C. 2132) is amended by adding at the end the following:

-``(p) The term `unrelieved suffering' means, with respect to a dog,

-a state in which the dog is forced to endure conditions, arising out of

-a dealer's failure to comply with the provisions of this Act, which

-cause severe pain or distress or severe discomfort, or which could

-directly and negatively impact the health and well-being of the dog if

-immediate actions are not taken to remedy the situation.''.

SEC. 12407. PROTECTING ANIMALS WITH SHELTER.

@@ -18424,24 +19687,10 @@

failure of Mexico to deliver water to the United States in accordance

with the Treaty Relating to the Utilization of Waters of the Colorado

and Tijuana Rivers and of the Rio Grande signed at Washington on

-February 3, 1944 and the Supplementary Protocol signed at Washington

+February 3, 1944, and the Supplementary Protocol signed at Washington

November 14, 1944.

-SEC. 12409. COMMODITY FUTURES TRADING COMMISSION WHISTLEBLOWER PROGRAM.

-Public Law 117-25 is amended--

-(1) in each of paragraphs (3) and (4) of section 1(b) (as

-amended through Public Law 119-75), by striking ``September 30,

-2026'' and inserting ``September 30, 2031''; and

-(2) by redesignating section 1 as section 2 and inserting

-after the enacting clause the following:

-``SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

-``This Act may be cited as the `CFTC Whistleblower Office Account

-Act of 2021'.''.

-SEC. 12410. QUALIFIED RENEWABLE BIOMASS.

+SEC. 12409. QUALIFIED RENEWABLE BIOMASS.

(a) Definitions.--In this section:

(1) Agency action.--The term ``agency action'' has the

@@ -18515,7 +19764,7 @@

the Secretary.

-SEC. 12411. WHOLE MILK UNDER THE SCHOOL BREAKFAST PROGRAM.

+SEC. 12410. WHOLE MILK UNDER THE SCHOOL BREAKFAST PROGRAM.

Section 9(a)(2) of the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act

(42 U.S.C. 1758(a)(2)) is amended--

@@ -18529,4 +19778,261 @@

1966 (42 U.S.C. 1773)'' after ``Act''; and

(3) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``section 210.10'' and

inserting ``sections 210.10 and 220.8''.

-<all>

+SEC. 12411. SPOTTED LANTERNFLY AWARENESS CAMPAIGN.

+(a) In General.--The Secretary of Agriculture shall carry out a

+national campaign to increase the awareness and knowledge of the public

+with respect to spotted lanternflies.

+(b) Required Activities.--In carrying out the national campaign

+under this section, the Secretary shall--

+(1) place public service announcements on television,

+radio, and billboards in areas of high incidence of spotted

+lanternflies that--

+(A) inform individuals of the fact that spotted

+lanternflies are an invasive pest that threaten local

+agriculture; and

+(B) encourage individuals to kill any spotted

+lanternflies that such individuals encounter; and

+(2) use such other awareness tools as the Secretary

+determines appropriate to provide the information described in

+paragraph (1).

+SEC. 12412. RIO GRANDE VALLEY AGRICULTURAL WATER INTERAGENCY WORKING

+GROUP.

+(a) Establishment.--The Secretary, in coordination with the heads

+of the agencies described in subsection (c), shall establish an

+interagency working group to coordinate a whole-of-government strategy

+to protect the economic interests of United States agricultural

+producers impacted by water deliveries under the 1944 Water Treaty.

+(b) Duties.--The Working Group shall--

+(1) analyze the economic impact of water delivery deficits

+under the 1944 Water Treaty on the United States agricultural

+sector in the area affected by such water delivery deficits,

+including specific assessments of damages to perennial crops;

+(2) develop and implement a multi-agency strategy to--

+(A) secure annual and predictable water deliveries

+in accordance with the 1944 Water Treaty through the

+coordinated use of Federal diplomatic and operational

+authorities;

+(B) enhance the resilience of the domestic

+agricultural water supply through improved conservation

+and infrastructure;

+(C) assess trade-related mechanisms available to

+address agricultural supply chain disruptions caused by

+such water delivery deficits;

+(D) ensure that water resources and infrastructure

+in South Texas are efficiently managed and operational

+for the beneficial use of agricultural producers and

+municipal users; and

+(E) support Federal officials in securing annual

+and predictable water deliveries in accordance with the

+1944 Water Treaty;

+(3) facilitate coordination among Federal agencies and with

+the State of Texas to align diplomatic, trade, and

+infrastructure efforts with the critical needs of the

+agricultural community in South Texas; and

+(4) provide a forum for public engagement and transparency

+regarding--

+(A) the status of water deliveries from Mexico

+under the 1944 Water Treaty; and

+(B) the findings of the Working Group and the

+strategy developed under paragraph (2).

+(c) Composition.--The Working Group shall be composed of--

+(1) the Secretary of Agriculture (who shall serve as

+Chair);

+(2) the Secretary of State;

+(3) the Secretary of the Interior;

+(4) the Commissioner of the United States Section of the

+International Boundary and Water Commission, United States and

+Mexico;

+(5) the Administrator of the Environmental Protection

+Agency;

+(6) the United States Trade Representative;

+(7) the Chief of Engineers and Commanding General of the

+U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; and

+(8) the Assistant to the President of the United States for

+National Security Affairs.

+(d) Meetings.--

+(1) Frequency.--The Working Group shall meet not less

+frequently than annually.

+(2) Public access.--The Working Group shall--

+(A) hold the meetings described in paragraph (1) in

+a manner open to the public; and

+(B) provide an opportunity for interested

+stakeholders, including agricultural producers and

+irrigation districts, to provide oral and written

+comments to the Working Group.

+(e) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment

+of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Working Group shall submit to

+the Committees on Agriculture, Appropriations, Foreign Affairs, and

+Ways and Means of the House of Representatives, and the Committees on

+Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, Appropriations, Energy and

+Natural Resources, Foreign Relations, and Finance of the Senate, a

+report describing--

+(1) the findings resulting from the analysis under

+subsection (b)(1);

+(2) the status of diplomatic and operational efforts to

+secure compliance with the annual water delivery requirements

+of the 1944 Water Treaty;

+(3) an assessment of potential trade or administrative

+actions to secure long term water reliability under treaties

+with Mexico; and

+(4) recommendations for projects, resources, and

+legislative authorities needed to fully implement the strategy

+developed under subsection (b)(2).

+(f) Definitions.--In this section:

+(1) 1944 water treaty.--The term ``1944 Water Treaty''

+means the Treaty Relating to the Utilization of Waters of the

+Colorado and Tijuana Rivers and of the Rio Grande signed at

+Washington on February 3, 1944, and the Supplementary Protocol

+signed at Washington November 14, 1944.

+(2) Working group.--The term ``Working Group'' means the

+interagency working group established under subsection (a).

+SEC. 12413. COST-SHARE GRANTS FOR ROLLOVER PROTECTION STRUCTURES.

+(a) Definitions.--In this section:

+(1) Approved rollover protection structure.--The term

+``approved rollover protection structure'' means a rollover

+protection structure that the Program Administrator

+determines--

+(A) may be installed on eligible equipment;

+(B) includes a seatbelt; and

+(C) meets or exceeds the rollover protection

+structure standards.

+(2) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity'' means,

+as determined by the Secretary--

+(A) an agricultural producer; and

+(B) an eligible school.

+(3) Eligible equipment.--The term ``eligible equipment''

+means an agricultural tractor that the Program Administrator

+determines to be eligible for installation of an approved

+rollover protection structure.

+(4) Eligible school.--The term ``eligible school'' means--

+(A) a vocational school that provides agricultural

+instruction or training;

+(B) an institution of higher education (as defined

+in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20

+U.S.C. 1001)) that provides direct, practical

+agricultural instruction or training; and

+(C) a public or private secondary school (as

+defined in section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary

+Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 8107)) the curriculum

+of which includes an agricultural instruction or

+training component.

+(5) Program administrator.--The term ``Program

+Administrator'' means the organization selected by the

+Secretary under subsection (c)(1)(B).

+(6) Rollover protection structure standards.--The term

+``rollover protection structure standards'' includes the

+following:

+(A) The SAE J2194 and SAE J1194 standards issued by

+the Society of Automotive Engineers (and successor

+standards).

+(B) Any other relevant national or international

+rollover protection structure manufacturing or testing

+standards.

+(b) Cost-share Grants.--

+(1) In general.--The Secretary shall award grants to

+eligible entities for the cost of purchasing, transporting, and

+installing on eligible equipment approved rollover protection

+structures.

+(2) Limitations.--

+(A) In general.--Except as provided in subparagraph

+(B), the amount of a grant under this section shall

+equal 70 percent of the costs of the eligible entity to

+purchase, transport, and install the approved rollover

+protection structure.

+(B) Exception.--If, for an eligible entity that is

+the recipient of a grant under this section, the costs

+to purchase, transport, and install an approved

+rollover structure (as documented by the eligible

+entity) exceed $500, the amount of the grant shall be

+increased to cover an increased percentage (as

+determined by the Secretary) of such costs.

+(c) Administration.--

+(1) Program administrator.--The Secretary shall--

+(A) seek competitive bids from nongovernmental

+organizations seeking to serve as the Program

+Administrator under this section;

+(B) select 1 organization from among the

+organizations that submit bids under subparagraph (A);

+and

+(C) enter into a cooperative agreement with that

+organization to carry out the activities described in

+paragraph (2).

+(2) Duties.--The Program Administrator shall--

+(A) identify--

+(i) approved rollover protection

+structures; and

+(ii) eligible equipment;

+(B) administer the application process under

+subsection (d); and

+(C) establish and administer a public website and

+phone hotline with information necessary--

+(i) to inform eligible entities, as

+described in subsection (a)(2), of the grant

+opportunities made available by this Act, and

+(ii) to administer the application process

+under subsection (d).

+(d) Applications.--

+(1) In general.--To apply for a grant under this section,

+an eligible entity shall submit to the Program Administrator an

+application, including documentation of the cost described in

+subsection (b)(2)(A).

+(2) Approval or denial.--On receipt of an application under

+paragraph (1), the Program Administrator shall--

+(A) determine--

+(i) whether the applicant is eligible for a

+grant under this section; and

+(ii) the amount of a grant under this

+section for which the applicant is eligible;

+and

+(B) submit to the Secretary a notification of the

+determinations under subparagraph (A).

+(e) Disbursement.--On receipt of a notification under subsection

+(d)(2)(B), if an applicant is eligible for a grant under this section,

+the Secretary shall disburse to the eligible entity the amount of the

+grant described in subsection (d)(2)(A)(ii).

+(f) Funding.--

+(1) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized

+to be appropriated to carry out this section $725,000 for each

+of fiscal years 2027 through 2031.

+(2) Allocation.--Of the amounts made available to carry out

+this section for each fiscal year--

+(A) the Secretary shall use 70 percent of such

+amounts for grants under this section; and

+(B) the Secretary shall transfer to the Program

+Administrator--

+(i) 15 percent of such amounts for the

+promotion of, and upgrades to the website

+referred to in subsection (c)(2)(C); and

+(ii) 15 percent of such amounts for the

+telephone hotline referred to in such

+subsection.

+Union Calendar No. 537

+119th CONGRESS

+2d Session

+H. R. 7567

+[Report No. 119-620]

+_______________________________________________________________________

+A BILL

+To provide for the reform and continuation of agricultural and other

+programs of the Department of Agriculture through fiscal year 2031, and

+for other purposes.

+_______________________________________________________________________

+April 21, 2026

+Reported with an amendment, committed to the Committee of the Whole

+House on the State of the Union, and ordered to be printed

Lobbying activity

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FEDERAL AGRICULTURAL MORTGAGE CORPORATION

AGRFINTAX

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PENNSYLVANIA FARM BUREAU

AGRANI

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ALBERTSONS COMPANIES, INC.

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DIAGEO NORTH AMERICA

AGRALC

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PEPSICO INC

FOO

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MAPLEBEAR INC. D/B/A INSTACART

FOO

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TEXAS FARM BUREAU

AGR

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FLORIDA SUGAR CANE LEAGUE

AGR

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FEEDING AMERICA

AGR

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FEDERAL AGRICULTURAL MORTGAGE CORPORATION

AGRBANENGTEC

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