HR 2853 · 119th Congress · Crime and Law Enforcement

Combating Organized Retail Crime Act of 2025

Introduced April 10, 2025 Latest action January 30, 2026 206 cosponsors

Sponsor

Latest action

Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 402.

Action timeline

Every recorded action on this bill, newest first. Stage badges color-code the legislative path.

Jan 30, 2026

committee Reported (Amended) by the Committee on Judiciary. H. Rept. 119-471.

Judiciary Committee

Jan 30, 2026

other Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 402.

Jan 13, 2026

committee Committee Consideration and Mark-up Session Held

Judiciary Committee

Jan 13, 2026

committee Ordered to be Reported (Amended) by Voice Vote.

Judiciary Committee

Apr 10, 2025

introduced Introduced in House

Roll-call votes

Floor votes recorded on this bill.

Roll call #157 — On Motion to Suspend the Rules and Pass, as Amended

May 12, 2026 · Passed

348

Yea

Nay

Missed

D 144–59 (9 missed) R 203–1 (12 missed) I 1–0

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Text versions

Each stage of the bill — official text published by GPO. Click any format to read on congress.gov / govinfo.

Jan 30, 2026 Reported in House

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Apr 10, 2025 Introduced in House

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CRS summaries

Plain-English summaries written by the Congressional Research Service — neutral, nonpartisan staff who summarize bills as they advance through stages. The authoritative description of what each version of the bill does.

07 Reported to House Jan 30, 2026

Combating Organized Retail Crime Act of 2025 This bill expands federal enforcement of criminal offenses related to organized retail and supply chain crime. The term organized retail and supply chain crime includes criminal offenses involving the interstate transportation of stolen property, the sale or receipt of stolen goods, or theft from an interstate or foreign shipment that is committed by, in coordination with, or at the instruction of an organization. First, with respect to criminal offenses involving the interstate transportation of stolen property or the sale or receipt of stolen goods, the bill broadens the scope of conduct that qualifies as offenses by allowing prosecutions to be based on the aggregate value of stolen items over a 12-month period. Additionally, the bill makes the offenses predicate offenses (i.e., underlying offenses) for prosecutions under the federal money laundering statute and authorizes the criminal forfeiture of any property obtained from the proceeds of an offense. Second, with respect to criminal offenses involving theft from an interstate or foreign shipment, the bill also makes an offense an underlying offense for prosecution under the federal money laundering statute and authorizes the criminal forfeiture of any associated property. Third, the bill expands the federal money laundering statute to include offenses involving general-use prepaid cards, gift certificates, or store gift cards. Finally, the bill temporarily establishes a center within the Department of Homeland Security to coordinate federal law enforcement activities related to organized retail and supply chain crime.

via Congressional Research Service · published through congress.gov

Changelog

ⓘ

How a bill moves through Congress. Each stage produces a new official text. The diff between them shows what changed at that step.

`ih` / `is` — Introduced in House / Senate. First filed version.

`rfh` / `rfs` — Referred to a committee for review.

`rh` / `rs` — Reported back by the committee to the floor (often with amendments — this is where most language changes happen).

`pcs` / `pch` — Placed on Calendar for floor consideration.

`eh` / `es` — Engrossed. Passed by the originating chamber. Text is now what was actually voted on.

`rdh` / `rds` — Received by the other chamber.

`eah` / `eas` — Engrossed Amendment. The other chamber passed an amended version.

`ath` / `ats` — Agreed to. Both chambers settled on the same text.

`enr` — Enrolled. Final reconciled text, sent to the President.

`pl` — Public Law. Signed by the President. It's now law.

`pp` — Public Print. Official printing post-enactment.

Most bills die before `eh`/`es`. Going from `pcs` → `enr` is the full path through both chambers.

Line-level diff between text versions of this bill — what actually changed at each legislative stage.

+153 −75 94 unchanged

--- Introduced (House)

+++ Reported (House)

@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@

[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]

-[H.R. 2853 Introduced in House (IH)]

+[H.R. 2853 Reported in House (RH)]

<DOC>

+Union Calendar No. 402

119th CONGRESS

-1st Session

+2d Session

H. R. 2853

+[Report No. 119-471]

To combat organized crime involving the illegal acquisition of retail

goods and cargo for the purpose of selling those illegally obtained

@@ -24,6 +27,62 @@

Malliotakis, and Mr. Panetta) introduced the following bill; which was

referred to the Committee on the Judiciary

+January 30, 2026

+Additional sponsors: Mr. Wied, Mr. Womack, Mr. Magaziner, Ms. DelBene,

+Mr. Edwards, Mr. Carter of Georgia, Ms. Strickland, Mr. Moore of

+Alabama, Mr. Bean of Florida, Mr. Allen, Mr. Moore of North Carolina,

+Ms. Houlahan, Mr. Carey, Mr. Gooden, Mrs. Miller of West Virginia, Mr.

+Peters, Mr. Stauber, Ms. Tenney, Mr. Webster of Florida, Mr.

+DesJarlais, Mr. Johnson of South Dakota, Mr. Fong, Mr. Harrigan, Mr.

+Buchanan, Mr. Hurd of Colorado, Mr. Strong, Mr. Schmidt, Mr. Yakym, Mr.

+Garcia of California, Mr. Meuser, Mr. Rulli, Mr. Moolenaar, Ms. Bynum,

+Mr. Harder of California, Mr. Cohen, Ms. Gillen, Mr. Wittman, Mr.

+Bacon, Ms. Schrier, Ms. Scholten, Mr. Finstad, Ms. McDonald Rivet, Mr.

+Onder, Mr. Figures, Mr. Vindman, Ms. Brownley, Mr. Mann, Mr. McGuire,

+Mr. Tiffany, Mr. Taylor, Mr. Case, Mr. Khanna, Mr. Williams of Texas,

+Mr. Fitzpatrick, Mr. Gottheimer, Mr. Barrett, Mr. Van Drew, Mr. Mfume,

+Mr. Lawler, Mr. Graves, Mrs. McBath, Mr. Kiley of California, Mr.

+Cline, Mr. Evans of Colorado, Mr. Scott Franklin of Florida, Mr. Boyle

+of Pennsylvania, Mr. Davis of North Carolina, Mr. Obernolte, Ms. Ross,

+Ms. Crockett, Ms. Craig, Mr. Flood, Ms. Tokuda, Mr. Bost, Mr. Wilson of

+South Carolina, Ms. Van Duyne, Mr. Weber of Texas, Ms. Pou, Ms.

+Salinas, Ms. Salazar, Mr. Burchett, Mr. Gill of Texas, Mr. Grothman,

+Mr. Higgins of Louisiana, Ms. Lois Frankel of Florida, Mr. Westerman,

+Mr. Bresnahan, Mr. Ogles, Mr. Sorensen, Mr. Ezell, Mr. Vasquez, Mrs.

+Cherfilus-McCormick, Mr. Kelly of Mississippi, Mr. Haridopolos, Mr.

+Ivey, Mrs. Torres of California, Mr. Quigley, Ms. Sewell, Mr. David

+Scott of Georgia, Mr. Latimer, Mr. McCormick, Mr. Kean, Mr. Moran, Mrs.

+Hinson, Ms. Wilson of Florida, Mr. Rouzer, Mr. Turner of Ohio, Mr.

+Owens, Mr. Hill of Arkansas, Ms. Perez, Mr. Thompson of California, Mr.

+Stanton, Mr. Timmons, Mr. Mackenzie, Mr. Min, Mrs. Luna, Mr. Issa, Mr.

+Moskowitz, Mr. Goldman of New York, Mr. Loudermilk, Mrs. Foushee, Mr.

+Crawford, Ms. Davids of Kansas, Mrs. Kiggans of Virginia, Mr. Vicente

+Gonzalez of Texas, Mrs. Trahan, Mr. Pappas, Mr. Collins, Mr. Hunt, Mr.

+Sessions, Ms. Escobar, Ms. McBride, Mr. Moulton, Mrs. Bice, Mr.

+Conaway, Ms. Wasserman Schultz, Mr. Lynch, Mr. Bera, Mr. Austin Scott

+of Georgia, Mr. Guest, Mr. Garbarino, Mr. Steil, Mr. Mannion, Mr. Jack,

+Ms. Mace, Mr. Smith of Washington, Mr. Deluzio, Mr. Fitzgerald, Mr.

+Calvert, Mrs. Biggs of South Carolina, Ms. Barragan, Mr. Carter of

+Texas, Mr. Begich, Mrs. Houchin, Mr. Donalds, Mr. Feenstra, Mr. Rogers

+of Alabama, Mr. Pfluger, Mr. Shreve, Mr. Simpson, Mr. Levin, Mr.

+McDowell, Mr. Miller of Ohio, Mr. Tony Gonzales of Texas, Mr. Horsford,

+Mr. Langworthy, Mr. Ellzey, Mr. Mrvan, Mrs. Harshbarger, Mr. Soto, Mr.

+Tran, Mrs. Wagner, Mr. Smith of New Jersey, Mr. Zinke, Ms. Garcia of

+Texas, Mr. Riley of New York, Mr. Johnson of Georgia, Mr. Newhouse, Ms.

+Elfreth, Mr. Hernandez, Mr. Rutherford, Ms. Pettersen, Ms. Morrison,

+Mr. Nunn of Iowa, Mr. Joyce of Pennsylvania, Mr. Moore of West

+Virginia, and Mrs. Kim

+January 30, 2026

+Reported with an amendment, committed to the Committee of the Whole

+House on the State of the Union, and ordered to be printed

+[Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed

+in italic]

+[For text of introduced bill, see copy of bill as introduced on April

+10, 2025]

_______________________________________________________________________

A BILL

@@ -37,8 +96,8 @@

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

-This Act may be cited as the ``Combating Organized Retail Crime

-Act''.

+This Act may be cited as the ``Combating Organized Retail Crime Act

+of 2025''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

@@ -46,68 +105,74 @@

(1) organized theft groups, involving sophisticated and

structured groups of individuals, continue to increase criminal

activities carried out by the groups against the retail

-industry and the supply chain of the Nation. These activities,

-at unprecedented levels, involve theft and fraud of both

-physical and digital goods, leading to escalating financial

-losses and violence in the workplace--all impacting the

-national economy and security of the United States;

+industry and the supply chain of the Nation, and these

+activities, at unprecedented levels, involve theft and fraud of

+both physical and digital goods, leading to escalating

+financial losses and violence in the workplace--all impacting

+the national economy and security of the United States;

(2) retailers face mounting thefts and fraud because of

organized retail crime in and around stores, online, and

-throughout the retail ecosystem. According to the National

+throughout the retail ecosystem, and, according to the National

Retail Federation, larceny incidents increased by 93 percent in

2023 compared to 2019, with a 90 percent rise in average dollar

-loss. These thefts are often orchestrated by organized theft

+loss;

+(3) these thefts are often orchestrated by organized theft

groups reselling and redistributing the stolen goods back into

the economy of the United States or overseas to gain illicit

-profit and to finance other criminal activity. More than 84

+profit and to finance other criminal activity, and more than 84

percent of retailers report that violence and aggression from

these criminal activities has become more of a concern since

2022, resulting in injuries and deaths among employees,

customers, security officers, and law enforcement personnel;

-(3) product manufacturers and the supply chain of the

+(4) product manufacturers and the supply chain of the

Nation are victims of alarming increases in cargo theft across

rails, roads, and the various distribution points across the

-Nation. CargoNet, a database of reported incidents in the

+Nation;

+(5) CargoNet, a database of reported incidents in the

United States, reported a 27 percent increase in cargo theft

-incidents in 2024 compared to the previous year. During the

-same period, the average value per theft rose to over $202,000.

-These thefts range from large-scale physical theft of goods

-from containers and storage to sophisticated cybercriminal

-methods that divert shipments to illicit receivers, causing

-significant financial losses and operational supply chain

-disruptions;

-(4) since 2022, more than 30 State laws have been enacted

+incidents in 2024 compared to the previous year, while during

+the same period, the average value per theft rose to over

+$202,000;

+(6) these thefts range from large-scale physical theft of

+goods from containers and storage to sophisticated

+cybercriminal methods that divert shipments to illicit

+receivers, causing significant financial losses and operational

+supply chain disruptions;

+(7) since 2022, more than 30 State laws have been enacted

to address organized theft, allow for aggregation of thefts,

-and adjust penalties and enhancements. In 2024, California

-voters overwhelmingly approved a constitutional reform to allow

-aggregation of multiple or repeated thefts. Although larceny

-and organized retail crime are sometimes prosecuted at State

-and local levels, States face resource and investigative

-challenges from groups operating beyond local, State, and

-regional law enforcement capabilities. More needs to be done to

-address the cross-jurisdictional, interstate, and international

-aspects of these crimes;

-(5) organized theft groups vary in scope and scale,

+and adjust penalties and enhancements, includin in 2024,

+California voters overwhelmingly approving a constitutional

+reform to allow aggregation of multiple or repeated thefts;

+(8) although larceny and organized retail crime are

+sometimes prosecuted at State and local levels, States face

+resource and investigative challenges from groups operating

+beyond local, State, and regional law enforcement capabilities,

+and more needs to be done to address the cross-jurisdictional,

+interstate, and international aspects of these crimes;

+(9) organized theft groups vary in scope and scale,

operating across State jurisdictions to avoid or disrupt local,

-State, and Tribal law enforcement response. These organized

+State, and Tribal law enforcement response, and these organized

theft groups build hierarchies to easily redistribute stolen

goods and illicit profits back into the economy of the United

States or overseas with disregard for product and consumer

-safety. The groups exist and operate at the local, regional,

+safety;

+(10) the groups exist and operate at the local, regional,

and transnational level, targeting goods that include raw and

finished materials, various branded retail products across all

consumer categories, operational assets in retail commerce such

as reusable transport packaging products, and consumable goods

including agriculture, food products, and medicines;

-(6) these groups are often polycriminal organizations,

+(11) these groups are often polycriminal organizations,

using profit from the reselling of stolen goods to support

-crimes involving drugs and weapons trafficking. The organized

-theft groups engage in human smuggling and have been known to

-use migrants to commit crimes to support the organizations. The

-groups move products and illicit proceeds beyond the borders of

-the United States, funding nefarious groups and activities and

-threatening the integrity of the international economy;

-(7) organized theft groups--

+crimes involving drugs and weapons trafficking;

+(12) the organized theft groups engage in human smuggling

+and have been known to use migrants to commit crimes to support

+the organizations;

+(13) the groups move products and illicit proceeds beyond

+the borders of the United States, funding nefarious groups and

+activities and threatening the integrity of the international

+economy;

+(14) organized theft groups--

(A) threaten the safety and liberty of individuals

in the United States when those individuals engage in

commerce;

@@ -124,7 +189,7 @@

activity and providing profit and proceeds supporting

larger criminal goals of the criminal organizations;

and

-(8) it has become necessary for Congress to--

+(15) it has become necessary for Congress to--

(A) amend title 18, United States Code, to ensure

that law enforcement has the legal tools necessary to

combat organized retail crime in the same capacity that

@@ -146,11 +211,8 @@

``(C) section 659 (interstate or foreign shipments by

carrier; State prosecutions);'';

-striking ``; or'' and inserting a semicolon;

-(D) in subparagraph (F), as so redesignated, by

-striking the period at the end and inserting a

-semicolon; and

-(E) by inserting after subparagraph (F), as so

+striking ``; or'' and inserting a semicolon; and

+(D) by inserting after subparagraph (F), as so

redesignated, the following:

``(G) section 2314 (transportation of stolen goods,

securities, moneys, fraudulent State tax stamps, or articles

@@ -177,23 +239,16 @@

after ``section 2281 (relating to violence

against maritime fixed platforms),'';

(3) in section 2314, in the first paragraph--

-(A) by inserting ``, or by using any facility of

-interstate or foreign commerce,'' after ``commerce'';

-(B) by inserting ``or of an aggregate value of

+(A) by inserting ``or of an aggregate value of

$5,000 or more during any 12-month period,'' after

``more,'';

-(C) by inserting ``, embezzled,'' after ``stolen'';

+(B) by inserting ``embezzled,'' after ``stolen,'';

and

-(D) by inserting ``, false pretense, or other

+(C) by inserting ``, false pretense, or other

illegal means'' after ``fraud''; and

-(4) in section 2315, in the first paragraph--

-(A) by inserting ``or of an aggregate value of

-$5,000 or more during any 12-month period,'' after

-``$5,000 or more,''; and

-(B) by striking ``; or'' and inserting ``, or have

-been stolen, unlawfully converted, or taken by the use

-of any facility of interstate or foreign commerce in

-the commission of said act; or''.

+(4) in section 2315, in the first paragraph, by inserting

+``or of an aggregate value of $5,000 or more during any 12-

+month period,'' after ``$5,000 or more,''.

SEC. 4. ESTABLISHMENT OF A CENTER TO COMBAT ORGANIZED RETAIL AND SUPPLY

CHAIN CRIME.

@@ -229,10 +284,10 @@

``(b) Organized Retail and Supply Chain Crime Coordination

Center.--

``(1) Establishment.--Not later than 90 days after the date

-of enactment of the Combating Organized Retail Crime Act, the

-Secretary shall direct the Executive Associate Director to

-establish the Organized Retail and Supply Chain Crime

-Coordination Center.

+of enactment of the Combating Organized Retail Crime Act of

+2025, the Secretary shall direct the Executive Associate

+Director to establish the Organized Retail and Supply Chain

+Crime Coordination Center.

``(2) Duties.--The duties of the Center shall include--

``(A) coordinating Federal law enforcement

activities related to organized retail and supply chain

@@ -347,9 +402,9 @@

``(A) Initial report.--

``(i) In general.--Not later than 1 year

after the date of enactment of the Combating

-Organized Retail Crime Act, the Secretary shall

-submit a report regarding the establishment of

-the Center to--

+Organized Retail Crime Act of 2025, the

+Secretary shall submit a report regarding the

+establishment of the Center to--

``(I) the Committee on the

Judiciary of the Senate;

``(II) the Committee on Homeland

@@ -406,12 +461,12 @@

accordance with subparagraph (A).

``(c) Training and Technical Assistance.--

``(1) Evaluation.--Not later than 180 days after the date

-of enactment of the Combating Organized Retail Crime Act, the

-Secretary and the Attorney General shall conduct an evaluation

-of existing Federal programs that provide grants, training, and

-technical support to State, local, and Tribal law enforcement

-to assist in countering organized retail and supply chain

-crime.

+of enactment of the Combating Organized Retail Crime Act of

+2025, the Secretary and the Attorney General shall conduct an

+evaluation of existing Federal programs that provide grants,

+training, and technical support to State, local, and Tribal law

+enforcement to assist in countering organized retail and supply

+chain crime.

``(2) Evaluation scope.--The evaluation required under

paragraph (1) shall evaluate, at a minimum--

``(A) the Homeland Security Grant Program at the

@@ -445,4 +500,27 @@

``Sec. 305A. Organized Retail and Supply Chain Crime Coordination

Center.''.

-<all>

+Union Calendar No. 402

+119th CONGRESS

+2d Session

+H. R. 2853

+[Report No. 119-471]

+_______________________________________________________________________

+A BILL

+To combat organized crime involving the illegal acquisition of retail

+goods and cargo for the purpose of selling those illegally obtained

+goods through physical and online retail marketplaces.

+_______________________________________________________________________

+January 30, 2026

+Reported with an amendment, committed to the Committee of the Whole

+House on the State of the Union, and ordered to be printed

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EBAY INC.

LAW

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BRAMBLES (PREVIOUSLY REPORTED AS BRAMBLES LIMITED)

LAWTRU

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AMERICAN TRUCKING ASSOCIATIONS

LAW

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PEACE OFFICERS RESEARCH ASSOCIATION OF CALIFORNIA

LAW

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INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL OF SHOPPING CENTERS

LAW

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ALBERTSONS COMPANIES, INC.

LAW

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ALBERTSONS COMPANIES INC.

LAW

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UNITED PARCEL SERVICE

LAW

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NATIONAL RETAIL FEDERATION

LAW

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TRAVELERS COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

LAW

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Cosponsors (203)

Members who signed on to support this bill.